When to plant bell peppers in Livorno: from 16 May

In Livorno, bell pepper: sow for seedlings from 24 February; plant into a greenhouse from 25 April; plant out into open ground from 16 May. There is no autumn frost here, so the frost dates set no end to the window.

Bell Pepper in Livorno: soil, season and weather

In Livorno the soil, not frost, sets the date: the last frost is over around 22 January, but the top 7 cm of soil reaches 18 °C — the minimum on the bell pepper card — only around 16 May, 114 days later. Livorno has no autumn frost in the median year, so frost does not end the season.

Last spring frost	22 January
Top 7 cm of soil at 18 °C	16 May, 114 days after the last frost
Into an unheated greenhouse	from 25 April; April outside: 10.2 °C at night, 18 °C by day; card 15–30 °C
Days in the bed to the first harvest (card)	70
First harvest, if planted in this window	from 25 July
Daylight	11:58 on 17 March, 14:43 on 16 May
Watering outdoors when fruiting (card)	every 4 days; the driest month, July, has 4 rainy days

The same dates in Livorno hold for Cucumber, Eggplant, Zucchini, Pumpkin and Watermelon.

Bell Pepper in Livorno: care after planting

Planted on 16 May: in the first weeks water every 5 days.

Feeding, by the card’s schedule from that day:

16 May — feed: balanced (NPK)
13 June — feed: nitrogen

Pests and diseases of bell pepper to watch for:

Dates count from the first planting day of the window above; a later planting moves them by as many days.

Weather in Livorno during the bell pepper season

No month of the season averages above the bell pepper card's 15–30 °C by day; the warmest, August, averages 29.9 °C. Nights average below 15 °C in May (13.9 °C) and October (14.7 °C).

Month	Day, °C	Night, °C	Rain, mm	Rainy days	Daylight on the 15th
May	21.3	13.9	96	12	14:41
June	26.4	18.4	45	6	15:24
July	29.2	20.9	27	4	15:07
August	29.9	21.4	52	6	14:01
September	25.7	18.3	111	10	12:33
October	21.5	14.7	122	12	11:05

ERA5 2016–2025, Open-Meteo

Bell Pepper in nearby cities

Around Livorno, Modena is 2 days earlier and Pisa 31 days later.

City	Distance	Date	Difference
Pisa	20 km	16 June – 29 July	31 days later
Florence	79 km	28 May – 7 August	12 days later
Siena	84 km	26 May – 7 August	10 days later
Arezzo	125 km	9 June – 1 August	24 days later
Modena	132 km	14 May – 10 August	2 days earlier
Bologna	133 km	16 May – 9 August	same day

Where to buy bell pepper plants and seeds near Livorno

Buy plants ready to set out from 16 May (from 25 April for an unheated greenhouse); seed for raising your own is sown from 24 February. Within 15 km of Livorno OpenStreetMap lists 7 garden centres, 5 markets and 4 farm shops (collected 27 October 2026).

Sempreverde — garden centre
3 km
Agraria — garden centre
13 km
Mercato Centrale — market
2 km
Mercato del pesce — market
3 km

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