Gardening in Cuba: climate, frost dates and crops by region

None of the 15 cities of Cuba on this page had frost in 2016–2025, so gardens there follow warmth and rain rather than frost dates. The warmest month averages 35 °C by day in Manzanillo and 31.4 °C in Pinar del Río.

Climate zones of Cuba

By the days between the last spring frost and the first autumn frost.

Zone	Cities	Frost-free days	Last spring frost	First autumn frost
No frost in ten years	Havana, Matanzas, Cárdenas, Santa Clara, Pinar del Río, Cienfuegos, Sancti Spíritus, Ciego de Ávila, Camagüey, Las Tunas, Holguín, Bayamo, Manzanillo, Guantánamo, Santiago de Cuba	—	—	—

How the regions of Cuba differ

Splitting the cities in two — north (Havana, Matanzas, Cárdenas and 4 more) and south (Camagüey, Las Tunas, Holguín and 4 more): the warmest month averages 32.2 °C by day in the north and 33.5 °C in the south.

The gap between the warmest month’s days and the coldest month’s nights is widest in Manzanillo (14.9 °C) and smallest in Santiago de Cuba (11 °C): the smaller it is, the milder both winter and summer.

Which crops suit which part of Cuba

Cities without a spring frost: months that suit each crop

Months whose average day is not above the highest temperature on the plant card and whose average night is not below its lowest.

City	Tomato	Cucumber	Bell Pepper	Eggplant	Watermelon
Havana	December, January	all year	October–March	November	all year
Matanzas	January	all year	October–March	November	all year
Cárdenas	January	all year	October–March	November	all year
Santa Clara	January	all year	October–March	November	all year
Pinar del Río	December–February	all year	October–April	none	all year
Cienfuegos	none	all year	November–February	none	all year
Sancti Spíritus	January	all year	October–March	none	all year
Ciego de Ávila	none	all year	November–February	none	all year
Camagüey	none	all year	November–February	November, December	all year
Las Tunas	none	all year	November–February	December	all year
Holguín	none	all year	November–March	November, December	all year
Bayamo	none	all year	January	none	all year
Manzanillo	none	all year	none	none	all year
Guantánamo	none	all year	November–January	none	all year
Santiago de Cuba	none	all year	October–May	none	all year

Cities of Cuba: weather in numbers

City	Frost-free days	Warmest month, day	Coldest month, night	Rain a year	Driest month	Places to buy
Havana	no frost	July, 32.2 °C	January, 18.7 °C	1,064 mm	March	35
Matanzas	no frost	July, 31.9 °C	January, 19.3 °C	1,032 mm	February	—
Cárdenas	no frost	July, 31.9 °C	January, 19.4 °C	1,122 mm	February	—
Santa Clara	no frost	August, 32.7 °C	January, 18.6 °C	950 mm	February	29
Pinar del Río	no frost	August, 31.4 °C	January, 18.1 °C	1,032 mm	March	4
Cienfuegos	no frost	August, 33.5 °C	January, 19.3 °C	867 mm	January	—
Sancti Spíritus	no frost	July, 32.4 °C	January, 18.1 °C	1,098 mm	February	—
Ciego de Ávila	no frost	July, 33.9 °C	January, 19.7 °C	1,009 mm	February	—
Camagüey	no frost	August, 33.3 °C	January, 19.9 °C	985 mm	December	30
Las Tunas	no frost	August, 33.1 °C	January, 20.2 °C	1,051 mm	January	—
Holguín	no frost	August, 33.5 °C	January, 20.5 °C	899 mm	January	20
Bayamo	no frost	August, 34.7 °C	January, 20.6 °C	1,025 mm	January	4
Manzanillo	no frost	August, 35 °C	January, 20.1 °C	996 mm	December	—
Guantánamo	no frost	July, 33.5 °C	January, 19.4 °C	992 mm	January	6
Santiago de Cuba	no frost	August, 31.5 °C	January, 20.5 °C	1,067 mm	January	20

ERA5 2016–2025 via Open-Meteo, 25 km grid cell of each city; dates by the Greenly calendar and the plant cards.