GreenlyFrost dates and when to plant in Castile and León
Spain
In Castile and León the last spring frost comes between 1 April (Salamanca) and 2 May (Soria) — the median of 2016–2025 in 11 cities. The first autumn frost comes between 8 November (León (Spain)) and 27 November (Ponferrada). The frost-free season lasts 191–238 days. Tomato: plant out into open ground 21 April – 7 August, earliest in Zamora, latest in Valladolid.
Frost dates by city in Castile and León
| City | Last spring frost | First autumn frost | Frost-free days | Climate zone | Tomato: window |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salamanca | 1 April | 23 November | 236 | 210–269 frost-free days | 4 May – 3 August |
| Ponferrada | 3 April | 27 November | 238 | 210–269 frost-free days | 10 May – 7 August |
| Zamora | 3 April | 18 November | 229 | 210–269 frost-free days | 21 April – 29 July |
| Valladolid | 6 April | 27 November | 235 | 210–269 frost-free days | 29 April – 7 August |
| Palencia | 10 April | 12 November | 216 | 210–269 frost-free days | 9 May – 23 July |
| León (Spain) | 14 April | 8 November | 208 | 150–209 frost-free days | 4 May – 19 July |
| Aranda de Duero | 15 April | 13 November | 212 | 210–269 frost-free days | 11 May – 24 July |
| Burgos | 18 April | 17 November | 213 | 210–269 frost-free days | 15 May – 28 July |
| Segovia | 19 April | 8 November | 203 | 150–209 frost-free days | 20 May – 19 July |
| Ávila | 21 April | 17 November | 210 | 210–269 frost-free days | 14 May – 28 July |
| Soria | 2 May | 9 November | 191 | 150–209 frost-free days | 14 May – 20 July |
Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.
When to plant in Castile and León: windows by crop
The earliest start and the latest end among the cities here, each with its city; every city’s own window is on its page. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.
| Crop | Planting out or sowing |
|---|---|
| Tomato | 21 April (Zamora) – 7 August (Valladolid) |
| Cucumber | 10 May (Zamora) – 12 September (Valladolid) |
| Bell Pepper, Eggplant | 10 May (Zamora) – 7 August (Valladolid) |
| Zucchini | 10 May (Zamora) – 10 September (Valladolid) |
| Pumpkin | 10 May (Zamora) – 2 August (Valladolid) |
| Watermelon | 10 May (Zamora) – 18 August (Valladolid) |
| Peas | 11 March (Salamanca) – 14 September (Valladolid) |
| Garlic | Autumn planting: 1 October – end of December |
| Tulip, Daffodil, Crocus, Hyacinth | Autumn planting: 9 October (León (Spain)) – end of December (Valladolid) |
Weather by month in Castile and León
Across the 11 cities the warmest month is July (average days 27.2 … 31.7 °C) and the coldest January (average nights -0.8 … 1.1 °C). 5 of the 11 cities have months with nights below 0 °C on average; the longest such winter is in Soria (January, February).
| Month | Day, °C | Night, °C | Rain, mm |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6.3 … 9.3 °C | -0.8 … 1.1 °C | 50 |
| February | 8.5 … 12.4 °C | -0.3 … 1.7 °C | 42 |
| March | 9.7 … 14.5 °C | 1.3 … 3.3 °C | 63 |
| April | 13.1 … 18.1 °C | 3.4 … 5.7 °C | 65 |
| May | 17.5 … 22.8 °C | 6.5 … 9.4 °C | 45 |
| June | 22.6 … 27.5 °C | 11.4 … 13.5 °C | 45 |
| July | 27.2 … 31.7 °C | 13.7 … 16.2 °C | 9 |
| August | 27.6 … 31.7 °C | 14.1 … 16.2 °C | 8 |
| September | 21.5 … 25.8 °C | 10.3 … 12.3 °C | 28 |
| October | 17.1 … 20.6 °C | 7.2 … 9.2 °C | 61 |
| November | 9.8 … 13.3 °C | 2.6 … 4.6 °C | 63 |
| December | 8 … 10.1 °C | 0.7 … 2.5 °C | 47 |
Day and night: the lowest … highest monthly average among the cities; rain: the middle city (ERA5 via Open-Meteo).
