GreenlyBilbao: frost dates
Spain
In Bilbao the last spring frost usually comes around 14 March and the first autumn frost around 26 December, which leaves about 287 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground around 12 May.
| Last spring frost | around 14 March |
|---|---|
| First autumn frost | around 26 December |
| Frost-free days | 287 days |
Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.
When to sow and plant
| Crop | Sow for seedlings | Plant out in a greenhouse | Open ground |
|---|---|---|---|
| Achocha | 19 January | 28 February | 21 March |
| Arugula | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Basil | 4 April | 12 May | 2 June |
| Beet | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Bell Pepper | 27 February | 12 May | 2 June |
| Black-eyed Susan | 18 January | — | 21 March |
| Bok Choy | 24 January | 28 February | 21 March |
| Broad bean | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Broccoli | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Brussels Sprouts | 17 December | 31 January | 21 February |
| Cabbage | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Calendula | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Carrot | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Cauliflower | 20 December | 31 January | 21 February |
| Celeriac | 13 December | 28 February | 21 March |
| Celery | 13 December | 28 February | 21 March |
| Celosia | 17 March | 1 May | 22 May |
| Chamomile | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Chayote | 13 December | 11 March | 1 April |
| Chickpea | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Chili Pepper | 14 March | 27 May | 17 June |
| China aster | 21 March | 12 May | 2 June |
| Chives | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Cilantro | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Corn | — | 11 March | sow 1 April |
| Cosmos | 17 March | 1 May | 22 May |
| Cucumber | 31 March | 12 May | 2 June |
| Daikon | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Delphinium | 24 December | — | 21 February |
| Dill | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Eggplant | 3 March | 12 May | 2 June |
| Florence fennel | 14 January | 28 February | 21 March |
| Garden sorrel | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Green Beans | 2 February | 11 March | 1 April |
| Hyssop | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Kale | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Kiwano | 20 March | 21 April | 12 May |
| Kohlrabi | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Leek | 22 November | 31 January | 21 February |
| Lemon balm | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Lettuce | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Lisianthus | 5 November | 31 January | 21 February |
| Lovage | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Luffa | 31 March | 12 May | 2 June |
| Marigold | 17 January | 28 February | 21 March |
| Melon | 21 March | 12 May | 2 June |
| Microgreens | — | 1 May | sow 22 May |
| Moringa | 2 April | 27 May | 17 June |
| Mustard greens | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Napa cabbage | 26 January | 28 February | 21 March |
| Nasturtium | 21 January | 28 February | 21 March |
| Okra | 31 March | 12 May | 2 June |
| Oregano | 2 December | 31 January | 21 February |
| Pansy | 6 December | 31 January | 21 February |
| Parsley | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Parsnip | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Peanut | 5 April | 12 May | 2 June |
| Peas | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Petunia | 10 March | 12 May | 2 June |
| Physalis | 7 March | 21 April | 12 May |
| Pumpkin | 15 March | 21 April | 12 May |
| Purple coneflower | 21 December | — | 21 February |
| Radish | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Sage | 13 December | 31 January | 21 February |
| Snapdragon | 27 November | 31 January | 21 February |
| Spinach | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Stevia | 3 March | 21 April | 12 May |
| Stock | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Sunflower | — | 1 May | sow 22 May |
| Sweet Corn | — | 11 March | sow 1 April |
| Sweet pea | 20 December | 31 January | 21 February |
| Sweet William | — | — | sow 21 February |
| Swiss Chard | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Thyme | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Tomato | 23 February | 21 April | 12 May |
| Turnip | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Watercress | — | 31 January | sow 21 February |
| Watermelon | 10 April | 12 May | 2 June |
| Zinnia | 22 April | 27 May | 17 June |
| Zucchini | 20 March | 21 April | 12 May |
Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day.
Bilbao: weather for the next 7 days
Forecast by Open-Meteo. Nights at or below 0 °C are marked as frost.
Weather in Bilbao by month
Average weather in Bilbao over 2016–2025: the warmest month is August, the wettest November.
| Month | Day, °C | Night, °C | Rain, mm | Rainy days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 11 | 4 | 142 | 15 |
| February | 13 | 4.7 | 108 | 13 |
| March | 14.1 | 5.7 | 104 | 17 |
| April | 16 | 7.2 | 87 | 14 |
| May | 18.6 | 9.5 | 80 | 14 |
| June | 21.7 | 13.3 | 70 | 13 |
| July | 23.4 | 15 | 45 | 9 |
| August | 24.4 | 15.4 | 49 | 9 |
| September | 22.5 | 13.3 | 79 | 12 |
| October | 19.9 | 11.1 | 100 | 13 |
| November | 14.5 | 7.5 | 165 | 17 |
| December | 12.4 | 5.8 | 128 | 15 |
Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).
Planted in autumn
| Crop | Plant around |
|---|---|
| Bearded Iris | 26 November |
| Crocus | 26 November |
| Daffodil | 26 November |
| Garlic | 26 November |
| Hyacinth | 26 November |
| Lily | 26 November |
| Peony | 26 November |
| Saffron | 26 November |
| Tulip | 26 November |
| Wild garlic | 26 November |
A month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter.