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Last and first frost dates in Jacksonville

United States

In Jacksonville the last spring frost usually comes around 23 January and the first autumn frost around 27 December, which leaves about 338 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 30 January to 6 September.

Last spring frostaround 23 January
First autumn frostaround 27 December
Frost-free days338 days
Hardiness zone (USDA-equivalent)official USDA map: 9b

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Jacksonville?

The last frost in Jacksonville usually comes around 23 January: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 2 January, while corn waits until 30 January. The first autumn frost follows around 27 December, about 338 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha30 November – 18 September9 January – 28 October30 January – 28 October
Ageratumfrom 14 November—from 30 January
Arugula——sow 2 January – 22 November
Basil14 December – 25 October21 January – 2 December11 February – 2 December
Beet——sow 2 January – 28 October
Bell Pepper22 November – 8 July21 January – 6 September11 February – 6 September
Black-eyed Susanfrom 8 November—from 30 January
Bok Choy5 December – 5 November9 January – 10 December30 January – 10 December
Borage——sow 30 January – 2 November
Broad bean——sow 2 January – 18 September
Broccoli——sow 2 January – 11 September
Brussels Sprouts28 October – 9 August12 December – 23 September2 January – 23 September
Busy Lizziefrom 7 November—from 30 January
Cabbage——sow 2 January – 19 August
Calendula——sow from 2 January
Carrot——sow 2 January – 4 October
Cauliflower31 October – 11 September12 December – 23 October2 January – 23 October
Celeriac24 October – 9 July9 January – 24 September30 January – 24 September
Celery24 October – 19 July9 January – 4 October30 January – 4 October
Celosiafrom 25 Novemberfrom 9 Januaryfrom 30 January
Chamomile——sow 2 January – 23 October
Chayote13 October – 2 July9 January – 28 September30 January – 28 September
Chickpea——sow 2 January – 8 September
Chicory17 November – 3 October—2 January – 28 October
Chili Pepper22 November – 14 August21 January – 13 October11 February – 13 October
China asterfrom 30 Novemberfrom 21 Januaryfrom 11 February
Chives——sow 2 January – 14 October
Cilantro——sow 2 January – 24 October
Corn——sow 30 January – 8 September
Corn poppy——sow from 2 January
Cosmosfrom 25 Novemberfrom 9 Januaryfrom 30 January
Cucumber24 December – 14 September21 January – 12 October11 February – 12 October
Daikon——sow 2 January – 21 October
Delphiniumfrom 14 October—from 2 January
Dill——sow 2 January – 3 November
Edging lobeliafrom 7 November—from 30 January
Eggplant22 November – 8 July21 January – 6 September11 February – 6 September
Florence fennel25 November – 18 September9 January – 2 November30 January – 2 November
Foxglovefrom 26 September—from 2 January
Garden sorrel——sow 2 January – 22 October
Green Beans——sow 30 January – 16 September
Hollyhock——sow from 2 January
Hyssop——sow 2 January – 14 September
Kale——sow 2 January – 16 October
Kiwano8 December – 21 September9 January – 23 October30 January – 23 October
Kohlrabi——sow 2 January – 26 October
Leek3 October – 30 June12 December – 8 September2 January – 8 September
Lemon balm——sow 2 January – 18 October
Lettuce——sow 2 January – 31 October
Lisianthusfrom 16 Septemberfrom 12 Decemberfrom 2 January
Lovage——sow from 2 January
Luffa10 December – 16 July21 January – 27 August11 February – 27 August
Marigoldfrom 28 Novemberfrom 9 Januaryfrom 30 January
Marjoram22 November – 3 October—11 February – 2 December
Melon24 December – 1 September21 January – 29 September11 February – 29 September
Microgreens——sow 30 January – 13 December
Moringa13 December – 8 October6 February – 2 December27 February – 2 December
Moss rosefrom 14 November—from 30 January
Mustard greens——sow 2 January – 12 November
Napa cabbage7 December – 13 October9 January – 15 November30 January – 15 November
Nasturtiumfrom 2 Decemberfrom 9 Januaryfrom 30 January
Okra10 December – 26 September21 January – 7 November11 February – 7 November
Oregano13 October – 23 September12 December – 22 November2 January – 22 November
Pansyfrom 17 Octoberfrom 12 Decemberfrom 2 January
Parsley——sow 2 January – 12 October
Parsnip——sow 2 January – 31 August
Peanut15 December – 22 August21 January – 28 September11 February – 28 September
Peas——sow 2 January – 14 October
Petuniafrom 19 Novemberfrom 21 Januaryfrom 11 February
Physalis25 November – 19 August9 January – 3 October30 January – 3 October
Pumpkin10 December – 21 July21 January – 1 September11 February – 1 September
Purple coneflowerfrom 11 October—from 2 January
Radish——sow 2 January – 27 November
Sage24 October – 19 September12 December – 7 November2 January – 7 November
Scarlet sagefrom 18 November—from 30 January
Snapdragonfrom 8 Octoberfrom 12 Decemberfrom 2 January
Soybean——sow 11 February – 8 October
Spinach——sow 2 January – 2 November
Stevia21 November – 10 August9 January – 28 September30 January – 28 September
Stock——sow from 2 January
Sunflower——sow from 30 January
Sweet alyssum——sow from 2 January
Sweet Corn18 December – 3 October9 January – 25 October30 January – 25 October
Sweet peafrom 31 Octoberfrom 12 Decemberfrom 2 January
Sweet William——sow from 2 January
Swiss Chard——sow 2 January – 28 October
Thyme——sow 2 January – 8 September
Tomato18 November – 16 July9 January – 6 September30 January – 6 September
Turnip——sow 2 January – 30 October
Watercress——sow 2 January – 10 November
Watermelon24 December – 20 August21 January – 17 September11 February – 17 September
Zinniafrom 2 Januaryfrom 6 Februaryfrom 27 February
Zucchini31 December – 19 September21 January – 10 October11 February – 10 October

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

What planting zone is Jacksonville?

The official USDA map (2023, 1991–2020 data) puts the centre of Jacksonville (ZIP 32202) in zone 9b. Zone 9b stands for an average coldest night of 25 to 30 °F (-3.9 to -1.1 °C), so perennials hardy to zone 9b or a colder zone should come through a typical winter here.

Check the official USDA map for Jacksonville: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map.

When the soil warms up in Jacksonville

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo).

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °Calready in the first week of January—
10 °Calready in the first week of January—
15 °Calready in the first week of January—
18 °C11 February19 days later

Frost dates near Jacksonville

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Orlando (18 January) and latest in Savannah (10 February).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Gainesville99 km22 January24 December
Orlando201 km18 January25 December
Savannah202 km10 February24 December
Tallahassee252 km22 January23 December
Tampa276 km18 January24 December

Seeds, seedlings and markets in Jacksonville

Within 15 km of Jacksonville OpenStreetMap lists 4 garden centres, 1 farm-supply shop and 3 markets (collected 20 October 2026). The nearest market to the city centre is Riverside Arts Market, 2 km away.

Places: © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL.

What to grow at home in winter in Jacksonville

Frosts in Jacksonville usually come from about 27 December to about 23 January. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Jacksonville by month

Average weather in Jacksonville over 2016–2025: the warmest month is July. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: February–December (20–32.5 °C). Months that average 30 °C or more by day: May–August (30.1–32.5 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in January, average 8.4 °C. About 1249 mm of rain falls in a year, on 153 days; August is the wettest month (183 mm) and November the driest (57 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January18.28.4698
February21.811.5728
March24.213.3759
April26.816.1748
May30.119.78811
June31.422.915520
July32.52415822
August31.52418325
September29.922.515817
October26.718.79411
November22.813.6577
December2010.7667

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 27 November
Crocusby 27 November
Daffodilby 27 November
Garlicby 27 November
Grape hyacinthby 27 November
Helleboreby 27 November
Hyacinthby 27 November
Lilyby 27 November
Ornamental onionby 27 November
Peonyby 27 November
Saffronby 27 November
Snowdropby 27 November
Tulipby 27 November
Wild garlicby 27 November

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).