Greenly Garden

Last and first frost dates in Mechelen

Belgium

In Mechelen the last spring frost usually comes around 10 April and the first autumn frost around 25 November, which leaves about 229 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 13 May to 5 August.

Last spring frostaround 10 April
First autumn frostaround 25 November
Frost-free days229 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Mechelen?

The last frost in Mechelen usually comes around 10 April: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 20 March, while corn waits until 20 April. The first autumn frost follows around 25 November, about 229 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha15 February – 17 August27 March – 26 September17 April – 26 September
Ageratumfrom 25 February—from 13 May
Arugula——sow 20 March – 21 October
Basil3 April – 23 September11 May – 31 October1 June – 31 October
Beet——sow 20 March – 26 September
Bell Pepper12 March – 6 June11 May – 5 August1 June – 5 August
Black-eyed Susanfrom 24 January—from 17 April
Bok Choy20 February – 4 October27 March – 8 November17 April – 8 November
Borage——sow 17 April – 1 October
Broad bean——sow 20 March – 17 August
Broccoli——sow 20 March – 10 August
Brussels Sprouts13 January – 8 July27 February – 22 August20 March – 22 August
Busy Lizziefrom 23 January—from 17 April
Cabbage——sow 20 March – 18 July
Calendula——sow from 20 March
Carrot——sow 20 March – 2 September
Cauliflower16 January – 10 August27 February – 21 September20 March – 21 September
Celeriac9 January – 7 June27 March – 23 August17 April – 23 August
Celery9 January – 17 June27 March – 2 September17 April – 2 September
Celosiafrom 11 Marchfrom 25 Aprilfrom 16 May
Chamomile——sow 20 March – 21 September
Chayote1 January – 31 May30 March – 27 August20 April – 27 August
Chickpea——sow 20 March – 7 August
Chicory2 February – 1 September—20 March – 26 September
Chili Pepper12 March – 13 July11 May – 11 September1 June – 11 September
China asterfrom 20 Marchfrom 11 Mayfrom 1 June
Chives——sow 20 March – 12 September
Cilantro——sow 20 March – 22 September
Corn——sow 20 April – 7 August
Corn poppy——sow from 20 March
Cosmosfrom 11 Marchfrom 25 Aprilfrom 16 May
Cucumber13 April – 13 August11 May – 10 September1 June – 10 September
Daikon——sow 20 March – 19 September
Delphiniumfrom 30 December—from 20 March
Dill——sow 20 March – 2 October
Edging lobeliafrom 23 January—from 17 April
Eggplant12 March – 6 June11 May – 5 August1 June – 5 August
Florence fennel10 February – 17 August27 March – 1 October17 April – 1 October
Foxglovefrom 12 December—from 20 March
Garden sorrel——sow 20 March – 20 September
Green Beans——sow 16 May – 15 August
Hollyhock——sow from 20 March
Hyssop——sow 20 March – 13 August
Kale——sow 20 March – 14 September
Kiwano21 March – 20 August22 April – 21 September13 May – 21 September
Kohlrabi——sow 20 March – 24 September
Leek19 December – 29 May27 February – 7 August20 March – 7 August
Lemon balm——sow 20 March – 16 September
Lettuce——sow 20 March – 29 September
Lisianthusfrom 2 Decemberfrom 27 Februaryfrom 20 March
Lovage——sow from 20 March
Luffa30 March – 14 June11 May – 26 July1 June – 26 July
Marigoldfrom 13 Februaryfrom 27 Marchfrom 17 April
Marjoram12 March – 1 September—1 June – 31 October
Melon13 April – 31 July11 May – 28 August1 June – 28 August
Microgreens——sow 16 May – 11 November
Moringa3 April – 6 September28 May – 31 October18 June – 31 October
Moss rosefrom 30 January—from 17 April
Mustard greens——sow 20 March – 11 October
Napa cabbage22 February – 11 September27 March – 14 October17 April – 14 October
Nasturtiumfrom 17 Februaryfrom 27 Marchfrom 17 April
Okra30 March – 25 August11 May – 6 October1 June – 6 October
Oregano29 December – 22 August27 February – 21 October20 March – 21 October
Pansyfrom 2 Januaryfrom 27 Februaryfrom 20 March
Parsley——sow 20 March – 10 September
Parsnip——sow 20 March – 30 July
Peanut4 April – 21 July11 May – 27 August1 June – 27 August
Peas——sow 20 March – 12 September
Petuniafrom 9 Marchfrom 11 Mayfrom 1 June
Physalis8 March – 18 July22 April – 1 September13 May – 1 September
Pumpkin30 March – 19 June11 May – 31 July1 June – 31 July
Purple coneflowerfrom 27 December—from 20 March
Radish——sow 20 March – 26 October
Sage9 January – 18 August27 February – 6 October20 March – 6 October
Scarlet sagefrom 1 March—from 13 May
Snapdragonfrom 24 Decemberfrom 27 Februaryfrom 20 March
Soybean——sow 1 June – 6 September
Spinach——sow 20 March – 1 October
Stevia4 March – 9 July22 April – 27 August13 May – 27 August
Stock——sow from 20 March
Sunflower——sow from 16 May
Sweet alyssum——sow from 20 March
Sweet Corn11 March – 1 September2 April – 23 September23 April – 23 September
Sweet peafrom 16 Januaryfrom 27 Februaryfrom 20 March
Sweet William——sow from 20 March
Swiss Chard——sow 20 March – 26 September
Thyme——sow 20 March – 7 August
Tomato1 March – 14 June22 April – 5 August13 May – 5 August
Turnip——sow 20 March – 28 September
Watercress——sow 20 March – 9 October
Watermelon13 April – 19 July11 May – 16 August1 June – 16 August
Zinniafrom 23 Aprilfrom 28 Mayfrom 18 June
Zucchini20 April – 18 August11 May – 8 September1 June – 8 September

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Mechelen

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 12 days before the last spring frost and 15 °C 33 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °Calready in the first week of January—
10 °C29 March12 days earlier
15 °C13 May33 days later
18 °C1 June52 days later

Frost dates near Mechelen

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Antwerp (4 April) and latest in Leuven (19 April).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Antwerp22 km4 April22 November
Brussels22 km10 April22 November
Leuven23 km19 April22 November
Aalst32 km10 April21 November
Ghent53 km12 April24 November

What to grow at home in winter in Mechelen

Frosts in Mechelen usually come from about 25 November to about 10 April. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Mechelen by month

Average weather in Mechelen over 2016–2025: the warmest month is August. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: June–September (20.7–23.7 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in January, average 1.6 °C. About 786 mm of rain falls in a year, on 146 days; January is the wettest month (77 mm) and April the driest (43 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January6.61.67715
February8.82.46413
March11.43.46413
April14.75.24310
May18.996412
June22.613.27411
July23.414.27011
August23.714.55612
September20.7126110
October169.57312
November10.44.97013
December7.93.17014

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 26 October
Crocus26 October – end of December
Daffodil26 October – end of December
Garlic26 October – end of December
Grape hyacinthby 26 October
Helleboreby 26 October
Hyacinth26 October – end of December
Lilyby 26 October
Ornamental onionby 26 October
Peonyby 26 October
Saffronby 26 October
Snowdropby 26 October
Tulip26 October – end of December
Wild garlicby 26 October

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).