Greenly Garden

Last and first frost dates in Subotica

Serbia

In Subotica the last spring frost usually comes around 1 April and the first autumn frost around 21 November, which leaves about 234 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 22 April to 1 August.

Last spring frostaround 1 April
First autumn frostaround 21 November
Frost-free days234 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Subotica?

The last frost in Subotica usually comes around 1 April: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 11 March, while corn waits until 8 April. The first autumn frost follows around 21 November, about 234 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha6 February – 13 August18 March – 22 September8 April – 22 September
Ageratumfrom 4 February—from 22 April
Arugula——sow 11 March – 17 October
Basil13 March – 19 September20 April – 27 October11 May – 27 October
Beet——sow 11 March – 22 September
Bell Pepper19 February – 2 June20 April – 1 August11 May – 1 August
Black-eyed Susanfrom 15 January—from 8 April
Bok Choy11 February – 30 September18 March – 4 November8 April – 4 November
Borage——sow 8 April – 27 September
Broad bean——sow 11 March – 13 August
Broccoli——sow 11 March – 6 August
Brussels Sprouts4 January – 4 July18 February – 18 August11 March – 18 August
Busy Lizziefrom 14 January—from 8 April
Cabbage——sow 11 March – 14 July
Calendula——sow from 11 March
Carrot——sow 11 March – 29 August
Cauliflower7 January – 6 August18 February – 17 September11 March – 17 September
Celeriac31 December – 3 June18 March – 19 August8 April – 19 August
Celery31 December – 13 June18 March – 29 August8 April – 29 August
Celosiafrom 21 Februaryfrom 7 Aprilfrom 28 April
Chamomile——sow 11 March – 17 September
Chayote20 December – 27 May18 March – 23 August8 April – 23 August
Chickpea——sow 11 March – 3 August
Chicory24 January – 28 August—11 March – 22 September
Chili Pepper19 February – 9 July20 April – 7 September11 May – 7 September
China asterfrom 27 Februaryfrom 20 Aprilfrom 11 May
Chives——sow 11 March – 8 September
Cilantro——sow 11 March – 18 September
Corn——sow 8 April – 3 August
Corn poppy——sow from 11 March
Cosmosfrom 21 Februaryfrom 7 Aprilfrom 28 April
Cucumber23 March – 9 August20 April – 6 September11 May – 6 September
Daikon——sow 11 March – 15 September
Delphiniumfrom 21 December—from 11 March
Dill——sow 11 March – 28 September
Edging lobeliafrom 14 January—from 8 April
Eggplant19 February – 2 June20 April – 1 August11 May – 1 August
Florence fennel1 February – 13 August18 March – 27 September8 April – 27 September
Foxglovefrom 3 December—from 11 March
Garden sorrel——sow 11 March – 16 September
Green Beans——sow 28 April – 11 August
Hollyhock——sow from 11 March
Hyssop——sow 11 March – 9 August
Kale——sow 11 March – 10 September
Kiwano28 February – 16 August1 April – 17 September22 April – 17 September
Kohlrabi——sow 11 March – 20 September
Leek10 December – 25 May18 February – 3 August11 March – 3 August
Lemon balm——sow 11 March – 12 September
Lettuce——sow 11 March – 25 September
Lisianthusfrom 23 Novemberfrom 18 Februaryfrom 11 March
Lovage——sow from 11 March
Luffa9 March – 10 June20 April – 22 July11 May – 22 July
Marigoldfrom 4 Februaryfrom 18 Marchfrom 8 April
Marjoram19 February – 28 August—11 May – 27 October
Melon23 March – 27 July20 April – 24 August11 May – 24 August
Microgreens——sow 28 April – 7 November
Moringa10 March – 2 September4 May – 27 October25 May – 27 October
Moss rosefrom 21 January—from 8 April
Mustard greens——sow 11 March – 7 October
Napa cabbage13 February – 7 September18 March – 10 October8 April – 10 October
Nasturtiumfrom 8 Februaryfrom 18 Marchfrom 8 April
Okra9 March – 21 August20 April – 2 October11 May – 2 October
Oregano20 December – 18 August18 February – 17 October11 March – 17 October
Pansyfrom 24 Decemberfrom 18 Februaryfrom 11 March
Parsley——sow 11 March – 6 September
Parsnip——sow 11 March – 26 July
Peanut14 March – 17 July20 April – 23 August11 May – 23 August
Peas——sow 11 March – 8 September
Petuniafrom 16 Februaryfrom 20 Aprilfrom 11 May
Physalis15 February – 14 July1 April – 28 August22 April – 28 August
Pumpkin9 March – 15 June20 April – 27 July11 May – 27 July
Purple coneflowerfrom 18 December—from 11 March
Radish——sow 11 March – 22 October
Sage31 December – 14 August18 February – 2 October11 March – 2 October
Scarlet sagefrom 8 February—from 22 April
Snapdragonfrom 15 Decemberfrom 18 Februaryfrom 11 March
Soybean——sow 11 May – 2 September
Spinach——sow 11 March – 27 September
Stevia11 February – 5 July1 April – 23 August22 April – 23 August
Stock——sow from 11 March
Sunflower——sow from 28 April
Sweet alyssum——sow from 11 March
Sweet Corn25 February – 28 August19 March – 19 September9 April – 19 September
Sweet peafrom 7 Januaryfrom 18 Februaryfrom 11 March
Sweet William——sow from 11 March
Swiss Chard——sow 11 March – 22 September
Thyme——sow 11 March – 3 August
Tomato8 February – 10 June1 April – 1 August22 April – 1 August
Turnip——sow 11 March – 24 September
Watercress——sow 11 March – 5 October
Watermelon23 March – 15 July20 April – 12 August11 May – 12 August
Zinniafrom 30 Marchfrom 4 Mayfrom 25 May
Zucchini30 March – 14 August20 April – 4 September11 May – 4 September

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Subotica

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 6 days before the last spring frost and 15 °C 21 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °C1 February59 days earlier
10 °C26 March6 days earlier
15 °C22 April21 days later
18 °C11 May40 days later

Frost dates near Subotica

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Novi Sad (28 March) and latest in Kecskemét (8 April).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Szeged41 km1 April23 November
Kecskemét90 km8 April12 November
Novi Sad95 km28 March26 November
Pécs111 km30 March22 November
Arad127 km3 April19 November

What to grow at home in winter in Subotica

Frosts in Subotica usually come from about 21 November to about 1 April. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Subotica by month

Average weather in Subotica over 2016–2025: the warmest month is August. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: May–September (22.3–29.7 °C). Nights average below 0 °C in January (-1.9 °C). About 573 mm of rain falls in a year, on 101 days; June is the wettest month (62 mm) and April the driest (40 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January5.2-1.9459
February9.30.2448
March132.5429
April18.16.8408
May22.311.55811
June27.916.66210
July29.618.1438
August29.717.8416
September24.313.4507
October18.38.2447
November11.23.5549
December6.50509

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 22 October
Crocus22 October – end of December
Daffodil22 October – end of December
Garlic22 October – end of December
Grape hyacinthby 22 October
Helleboreby 22 October
Hyacinth22 October – end of December
Lilyby 22 October
Ornamental onionby 22 October
Peonyby 22 October
Saffronby 22 October
Snowdropby 22 October
Tulip22 October – end of December
Wild garlicby 22 October

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).