Greenly Garden

Last and first frost dates in Timaru

New Zealand

In Timaru the last spring frost usually comes around 22 September and the first autumn frost around 4 June, which leaves about 255 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 4 November to 12 February.

Last spring frostaround 22 September
First autumn frostaround 4 June
Frost-free days255 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Timaru?

The last frost in Timaru usually comes around 22 September: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 1 September, while corn waits until 15 October. The first autumn frost follows around 4 June, about 255 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha30 July – 24 February8 September – 4 April29 September – 4 April
Ageratumfrom 19 August—from 4 November
Arugula——sow 1 September – 29 April
Basil21 October – 1 April28 November – 9 May19 December – 9 May
Beet——sow 1 September – 4 April
Bell Pepper29 September – 14 December28 November – 12 February19 December – 12 February
Black-eyed Susanfrom 8 July—from 29 September
Bok Choy4 August – 12 April8 September – 17 May29 September – 17 May
Borage——sow 29 September – 9 April
Broad bean——sow 1 September – 24 February
Broccoli——sow 1 September – 17 February
Brussels Sprouts27 June – 15 January11 August – 29 February1 September – 29 February
Busy Lizziefrom 7 July—from 29 September
Cabbage——sow 1 September – 25 January
Calendula——sow from 1 September
Carrot——sow 1 September – 11 March
Cauliflower30 June – 17 February11 August – 30 March1 September – 30 March
Celeriac23 June – 15 December8 September – 1 March29 September – 1 March
Celery23 June – 25 December8 September – 11 March29 September – 11 March
Celosiafrom 10 Septemberfrom 25 Octoberfrom 15 November
Chamomile——sow 1 September – 30 March
Chayote28 June – 8 December24 September – 5 March15 October – 5 March
Chickpea——sow 1 September – 14 February
Chicory17 July – 10 March—1 September – 4 April
Chili Pepper29 September – 20 January28 November – 20 March19 December – 20 March
China asterfrom 7 Octoberfrom 28 Novemberfrom 19 December
Chives——sow 1 September – 21 March
Cilantro——sow 1 September – 31 March
Corn——sow 15 October – 14 February
Corn poppy——sow from 1 September
Cosmosfrom 10 Septemberfrom 25 Octoberfrom 15 November
Cucumber31 October – 20 February28 November – 19 March19 December – 19 March
Daikon——sow 1 September – 28 March
Delphiniumfrom 13 June—from 1 September
Dill——sow 1 September – 10 April
Edging lobeliafrom 7 July—from 29 September
Eggplant29 September – 14 December28 November – 12 February19 December – 12 February
Florence fennel25 July – 24 February8 September – 9 April29 September – 9 April
Foxglovefrom 26 May—from 1 September
Garden sorrel——sow 1 September – 29 March
Green Beans——sow 15 November – 22 February
Hollyhock——sow from 1 September
Hyssop——sow 1 September – 20 February
Kale——sow 1 September – 23 March
Kiwano12 September – 27 February14 October – 30 March4 November – 30 March
Kohlrabi——sow 1 September – 2 April
Leek2 June – 6 December11 August – 14 February1 September – 14 February
Lemon balm——sow 1 September – 25 March
Lettuce——sow 1 September – 7 April
Lisianthusfrom 16 Mayfrom 11 Augustfrom 1 September
Lovage——sow from 1 September
Luffa17 October – 22 December28 November – 2 February19 December – 2 February
Marigoldfrom 28 Julyfrom 8 Septemberfrom 29 September
Marjoram29 September – 10 March—19 December – 9 May
Melon31 October – 7 February28 November – 6 March19 December – 6 March
Microgreens——sow 15 November – 20 May
Moringa19 September – 15 March13 November – 9 May4 December – 9 May
Moss rosefrom 14 July—from 29 September
Mustard greens——sow 1 September – 19 April
Napa cabbage6 August – 20 March8 September – 22 April29 September – 22 April
Nasturtiumfrom 1 Augustfrom 8 Septemberfrom 29 September
Okra17 October – 3 March28 November – 14 April19 December – 14 April
Oregano12 June – 29 February11 August – 29 April1 September – 29 April
Pansyfrom 16 Junefrom 11 Augustfrom 1 September
Parsley——sow 1 September – 19 March
Parsnip——sow 1 September – 6 February
Peanut22 October – 28 January28 November – 5 March19 December – 5 March
Peas——sow 1 September – 21 March
Petuniafrom 26 Septemberfrom 28 Novemberfrom 19 December
Physalis30 August – 25 January14 October – 10 March4 November – 10 March
Pumpkin17 October – 27 December28 November – 7 February19 December – 7 February
Purple coneflowerfrom 10 June—from 1 September
Radish——sow 1 September – 4 May
Sage23 June – 25 February11 August – 14 April1 September – 14 April
Scarlet sagefrom 23 August—from 4 November
Snapdragonfrom 7 Junefrom 11 Augustfrom 1 September
Soybean——sow 19 December – 15 March
Spinach——sow 1 September – 9 April
Stevia26 August – 16 January14 October – 5 March4 November – 5 March
Stock——sow from 1 September
Sunflower——sow from 15 November
Sweet alyssum——sow from 1 September
Sweet Corn13 September – 10 March5 October – 1 April26 October – 1 April
Sweet peafrom 30 Junefrom 11 Augustfrom 1 September
Sweet William——sow from 1 September
Swiss Chard——sow 1 September – 4 April
Thyme——sow 1 September – 14 February
Tomato23 August – 22 December14 October – 12 February4 November – 12 February
Turnip——sow 1 September – 6 April
Watercress——sow 1 September – 17 April
Watermelon31 October – 26 January28 November – 23 February19 December – 23 February
Zinniafrom 9 Octoberfrom 13 Novemberfrom 4 December
Zucchini7 November – 25 February28 November – 17 March19 December – 17 March

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Timaru

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 4 days before the last spring frost and 15 °C 43 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °C9 July75 days earlier
10 °C18 September4 days earlier
15 °C4 November43 days later
18 °C19 December88 days later

Frost dates near Timaru

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Nelson (4 August) and latest in Dunedin (26 October).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Christchurch147 km10 August5 June
Dunedin175 km26 October22 May
Queenstown217 km14 October20 May
Invercargill318 km11 August8 June
Nelson384 km4 August21 June

What to grow at home in winter in Timaru

Frosts in Timaru usually come from about 4 June to about 22 September. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Timaru by month

Average weather in Timaru over 2016–2025: the warmest month is February. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: January (21.2 °C), February (21.4 °C) and December (20.3 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in July, average 2.4 °C. About 829 mm of rain falls in a year, on 127 days; November is the wettest month (91 mm) and June the driest (49 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January21.212.67211
February21.412.4669
March19.610.97512
April17.287310
May14.55.6529
June11.43.3499
July11.12.4809
August12.52.7509
September14.94.95410
October16.778213
November18.79.69112
December20.311.58514

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 5 May
Crocusby 5 May
Daffodilby 5 May
Garlic5 May – end of June
Grape hyacinthby 5 May
Helleboreby 5 May
Hyacinthby 5 May
Lilyby 5 May
Ornamental onionby 5 May
Peonyby 5 May
Saffronby 5 May
Snowdropby 5 May
Tulipby 5 May
Wild garlicby 5 May

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).