Last and first frost dates in Varna
Bulgaria
In Varna the last spring frost usually comes around 19 March and the first autumn frost around 4 December, which leaves about 260 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 5 May to 14 August.
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| Last spring frost | around 19 March |
|---|---|
| First autumn frost | around 4 December |
| Frost-free days | 260 days |
Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.
When is the last frost in Varna?
The last frost in Varna usually comes around 19 March: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 26 February, while corn waits until 20 April. The first autumn frost follows around 4 December, about 260 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.
When to sow and plant
| Crop | Sow for seedlings | Plant out in a greenhouse | Open ground |
|---|---|---|---|
| Achocha | 31 January – 26 August | 12 March – 5 October | 2 April – 5 October |
| Ageratum | from 17 February | — | from 5 May |
| Arugula | — | — | sow 26 February – 30 October |
| Basil | 27 March – 2 October | 4 May – 9 November | 25 May – 9 November |
| Beet | — | — | sow 26 February – 5 October |
| Bell Pepper | 5 March – 15 June | 4 May – 14 August | 25 May – 14 August |
| Black-eyed Susan | from 9 January | — | from 2 April |
| Bok Choy | 5 February – 13 October | 12 March – 17 November | 2 April – 17 November |
| Borage | — | — | sow 26 March – 10 October |
| Broad bean | — | — | sow 26 February – 26 August |
| Broccoli | — | — | sow 26 February – 19 August |
| Brussels Sprouts | 22 December – 17 July | 5 February – 31 August | 26 February – 31 August |
| Busy Lizzie | from 1 January | — | from 26 March |
| Cabbage | — | — | sow 26 February – 27 July |
| Calendula | — | — | sow from 26 February |
| Carrot | — | — | sow 26 February – 11 September |
| Cauliflower | 25 December – 19 August | 5 February – 30 September | 26 February – 30 September |
| Celeriac | 25 December – 16 June | 12 March – 1 September | 2 April – 1 September |
| Celery | 25 December – 26 June | 12 March – 11 September | 2 April – 11 September |
| Celosia | from 10 March | from 24 April | from 15 May |
| Chamomile | — | — | sow 26 February – 30 September |
| Chayote | 1 January – 9 June | 30 March – 5 September | 20 April – 5 September |
| Chickpea | — | — | sow 26 February – 16 August |
| Chicory | 11 January – 10 September | — | 26 February – 5 October |
| Chili Pepper | 5 March – 22 July | 4 May – 20 September | 25 May – 20 September |
| China aster | from 13 March | from 4 May | from 25 May |
| Chives | — | — | sow 26 February – 21 September |
| Cilantro | — | — | sow 26 February – 1 October |
| Corn | — | — | sow 20 April – 16 August |
| Corn poppy | — | — | sow from 26 February |
| Cosmos | from 10 March | from 24 April | from 15 May |
| Cucumber | 6 April – 22 August | 4 May – 19 September | 25 May – 19 September |
| Daikon | — | — | sow 26 February – 28 September |
| Delphinium | from 8 December | — | from 26 February |
| Dill | — | — | sow 26 February – 11 October |
| Edging lobelia | from 8 January | — | from 2 April |
| Eggplant | 5 March – 15 June | 4 May – 14 August | 25 May – 14 August |
| Florence fennel | 26 January – 26 August | 12 March – 10 October | 2 April – 10 October |
| Foxglove | from 20 November | — | from 26 February |
| Garden sorrel | — | — | sow 26 February – 29 September |
| Green Beans | — | — | sow 15 May – 24 August |
| Hollyhock | — | — | sow from 26 February |
| Hyssop | — | — | sow 26 February – 22 August |
| Kale | — | — | sow 26 February – 23 September |
| Kiwano | 13 March – 29 August | 14 April – 30 September | 5 May – 30 September |
| Kohlrabi | — | — | sow 26 February – 3 October |
| Leek | 27 November – 7 June | 5 February – 16 August | 26 February – 16 August |
| Lemon balm | — | — | sow 26 February – 25 September |
| Lettuce | — | — | sow 26 February – 8 October |
| Lisianthus | from 10 November | from 5 February | from 26 February |
| Lovage | — | — | sow from 26 February |
| Luffa | 23 March – 23 June | 4 May – 4 August | 25 May – 4 August |
| Marigold | from 29 January | from 12 March | from 2 April |
| Marjoram | 5 March – 10 September | — | 25 May – 9 November |
| Melon | 6 April – 9 August | 4 May – 6 September | 25 May – 6 September |
| Microgreens | — | — | sow 15 May – 20 November |
| Moringa | 21 March – 15 September | 15 May – 9 November | 5 June – 9 November |
| Moss rose | from 8 January | — | from 26 March |
| Mustard greens | — | — | sow 26 February – 20 October |
| Napa cabbage | 7 February – 20 September | 12 March – 23 October | 2 April – 23 October |
| Nasturtium | from 2 February | from 12 March | from 2 April |
| Okra | 23 March – 3 September | 4 May – 15 October | 25 May – 15 October |
| Oregano | 7 December – 31 August | 5 February – 30 October | 26 February – 30 October |
| Pansy | from 11 December | from 5 February | from 26 February |
| Parsley | — | — | sow 26 February – 19 September |
| Parsnip | — | — | sow 26 February – 8 August |
| Peanut | 28 March – 30 July | 4 May – 5 September | 25 May – 5 September |
| Peas | — | — | sow 26 February – 21 September |
| Petunia | from 2 March | from 4 May | from 25 May |
| Physalis | 28 February – 27 July | 14 April – 10 September | 5 May – 10 September |
| Pumpkin | 23 March – 28 June | 4 May – 9 August | 25 May – 9 August |
| Purple coneflower | from 5 December | — | from 26 February |
| Radish | — | — | sow 26 February – 4 November |
| Sage | 18 December – 27 August | 5 February – 15 October | 26 February – 15 October |
| Scarlet sage | from 21 February | — | from 5 May |
| Snapdragon | from 2 December | from 5 February | from 26 February |
| Soybean | — | — | sow 25 May – 15 September |
| Spinach | — | — | sow 26 February – 10 October |
| Stevia | 24 February – 18 July | 14 April – 5 September | 5 May – 5 September |
| Stock | — | — | sow from 26 February |
| Sunflower | — | — | sow from 15 May |
| Sweet alyssum | — | — | sow from 26 February |
| Sweet Corn | 17 March – 10 September | 8 April – 2 October | 29 April – 2 October |
| Sweet pea | from 25 December | from 5 February | from 26 February |
| Sweet William | — | — | sow from 26 February |
| Swiss Chard | — | — | sow 26 February – 5 October |
| Thyme | — | — | sow 26 February – 16 August |
| Tomato | 21 February – 23 June | 14 April – 14 August | 5 May – 14 August |
| Turnip | — | — | sow 26 February – 7 October |
| Watercress | — | — | sow 26 February – 18 October |
| Watermelon | 6 April – 28 July | 4 May – 25 August | 25 May – 25 August |
| Zinnia | from 10 April | from 15 May | from 5 June |
| Zucchini | 13 April – 27 August | 4 May – 17 September | 25 May – 17 September |
Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.
When the soil warms up in Varna
The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 14 days after the last spring frost and 15 °C 47 days after it.
| Soil | Date | Against the last spring frost |
|---|---|---|
| 5 °C | 8 January | 70 days earlier |
| 10 °C | 2 April | 14 days later |
| 15 °C | 5 May | 47 days later |
| 18 °C | 25 May | 67 days later |
Frost dates near Varna
Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Burgas (10 March) and latest in Stara Zagora (8 April).
| City | Distance | Last spring frost | First autumn frost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Burgas | 87 km | 10 March | 4 December |
| Ruse | 173 km | 29 March | 25 November |
| Bucharest | 198 km | 29 March | 19 November |
| Stara Zagora | 205 km | 8 April | 18 November |
| Izmail | 248 km | 22 March | 24 November |
What to grow at home in winter in Varna
Frosts in Varna usually come from about 4 December to about 19 March. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.
Varna: weather for the next 7 days
Forecast by Open-Meteo. Nights at or below 0 °C are marked as frost.
Weather in Varna by month
Average weather in Varna over 2016–2025: the warmest month is August. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: June–September (23.9–28.2 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in January, average 0.2 °C. About 613 mm of rain falls in a year, on 98 days; June is the wettest month (79 mm) and August the driest (21 mm).
| Month | Day, °C | Night, °C | Rain, mm | Rainy days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | 6.7 | 0.2 | 58 | 8 |
| February | 8.6 | 1.5 | 37 | 7 |
| March | 11.3 | 3.5 | 42 | 9 |
| April | 15.1 | 6.9 | 50 | 9 |
| May | 19.7 | 12 | 70 | 12 |
| June | 25 | 17.4 | 79 | 11 |
| July | 27.8 | 19.4 | 39 | 6 |
| August | 28.2 | 19.9 | 21 | 5 |
| September | 23.9 | 16 | 36 | 5 |
| October | 18.3 | 11 | 58 | 7 |
| November | 13.2 | 6.8 | 66 | 10 |
| December | 8.7 | 2.6 | 57 | 9 |
Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).
Planted in autumn
| Crop | When to plant |
|---|---|
| Bearded Iris | by 4 November |
| Crocus | 4 November – end of December |
| Daffodil | 4 November – end of December |
| Garlic | 4 November – end of December |
| Grape hyacinth | by 4 November |
| Hellebore | by 4 November |
| Hyacinth | 4 November – end of December |
| Lily | by 4 November |
| Ornamental onion | by 4 November |
| Peony | by 4 November |
| Saffron | by 4 November |
| Snowdrop | by 4 November |
| Tulip | 4 November – end of December |
| Wild garlic | by 4 November |
From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).