Greenly Garden

Last and first frost dates in Haarlem

Netherlands

In Haarlem the last spring frost usually comes around 19 March and the first autumn frost around 30 November, which leaves about 256 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 17 May to 10 August.

Last spring frostaround 19 March
First autumn frostaround 30 November
Frost-free days256 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Haarlem?

The last frost in Haarlem usually comes around 19 March: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 26 February, while corn waits until 26 April. The first autumn frost follows around 30 November, about 256 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha13 February – 22 August25 March – 1 October15 April – 1 October
Ageratumfrom 1 March—from 17 May
Arugula——sow 26 February – 26 October
Basil17 April – 28 September25 May – 5 November15 June – 5 November
Beet——sow 26 February – 1 October
Bell Pepper26 March – 11 June25 May – 10 August15 June – 10 August
Black-eyed Susanfrom 22 January—from 15 April
Bok Choy18 February – 9 October25 March – 13 November15 April – 13 November
Borage——sow 26 March – 6 October
Broad bean——sow 26 February – 22 August
Broccoli——sow 26 February – 15 August
Brussels Sprouts22 December – 13 July5 February – 27 August26 February – 27 August
Busy Lizziefrom 1 January—from 26 March
Cabbage——sow 26 February – 23 July
Calendula——sow from 26 February
Carrot——sow 26 February – 7 September
Cauliflower25 December – 15 August5 February – 26 September26 February – 26 September
Celeriac7 January – 12 June25 March – 28 August15 April – 28 August
Celery7 January – 22 June25 March – 7 September15 April – 7 September
Celosiafrom 20 Marchfrom 4 Mayfrom 25 May
Chamomile——sow 26 February – 26 September
Chayote7 January – 5 June5 April – 1 September26 April – 1 September
Chickpea——sow 26 February – 12 August
Chicory11 January – 6 September—26 February – 1 October
Chili Pepper26 March – 18 July25 May – 16 September15 June – 16 September
China asterfrom 3 Aprilfrom 25 Mayfrom 15 June
Chives——sow 26 February – 17 September
Cilantro——sow 26 February – 27 September
Corn——sow 26 April – 12 August
Corn poppy——sow from 26 February
Cosmosfrom 20 Marchfrom 4 Mayfrom 25 May
Cucumber27 April – 18 August25 May – 15 September15 June – 15 September
Daikon——sow 26 February – 24 September
Delphiniumfrom 8 December—from 26 February
Dill——sow 26 February – 7 October
Edging lobeliafrom 21 January—from 15 April
Eggplant26 March – 11 June25 May – 10 August15 June – 10 August
Florence fennel8 February – 22 August25 March – 6 October15 April – 6 October
Foxglovefrom 20 November—from 26 February
Garden sorrel——sow 26 February – 25 September
Green Beans——sow 25 May – 20 August
Hollyhock——sow from 26 February
Hyssop——sow 26 February – 18 August
Kale——sow 26 February – 19 September
Kiwano25 March – 25 August26 April – 26 September17 May – 26 September
Kohlrabi——sow 26 February – 29 September
Leek27 November – 3 June5 February – 12 August26 February – 12 August
Lemon balm——sow 26 February – 21 September
Lettuce——sow 26 February – 4 October
Lisianthusfrom 10 Novemberfrom 5 Februaryfrom 26 February
Lovage——sow from 26 February
Luffa13 April – 19 June25 May – 31 July15 June – 31 July
Marigoldfrom 11 Februaryfrom 25 Marchfrom 15 April
Marjoram26 March – 6 September—15 June – 5 November
Melon27 April – 5 August25 May – 2 September15 June – 2 September
Microgreens——sow 25 May – 16 November
Moringa13 April – 11 September7 June – 5 November28 June – 5 November
Moss rosefrom 8 January—from 26 March
Mustard greens——sow 26 February – 16 October
Napa cabbage20 February – 16 September25 March – 19 October15 April – 19 October
Nasturtiumfrom 15 Februaryfrom 25 Marchfrom 15 April
Okra13 April – 30 August25 May – 11 October15 June – 11 October
Oregano7 December – 27 August5 February – 26 October26 February – 26 October
Pansyfrom 11 Decemberfrom 5 Februaryfrom 26 February
Parsley——sow 26 February – 15 September
Parsnip——sow 26 February – 4 August
Peanut18 April – 26 July25 May – 1 September15 June – 1 September
Peas——sow 26 February – 17 September
Petuniafrom 23 Marchfrom 25 Mayfrom 15 June
Physalis12 March – 23 July26 April – 6 September17 May – 6 September
Pumpkin13 April – 24 June25 May – 5 August15 June – 5 August
Purple coneflowerfrom 5 December—from 26 February
Radish——sow 26 February – 31 October
Sage18 December – 23 August5 February – 11 October26 February – 11 October
Scarlet sagefrom 5 March—from 17 May
Snapdragonfrom 2 Decemberfrom 5 Februaryfrom 26 February
Soybean——sow 15 June – 11 September
Spinach——sow 26 February – 6 October
Stevia8 March – 14 July26 April – 1 September17 May – 1 September
Stock——sow from 26 February
Sunflower——sow from 25 May
Sweet alyssum——sow from 26 February
Sweet Corn25 March – 6 September16 April – 28 September7 May – 28 September
Sweet peafrom 25 Decemberfrom 5 Februaryfrom 26 February
Sweet William——sow from 26 February
Swiss Chard——sow 26 February – 1 October
Thyme——sow 26 February – 12 August
Tomato5 March – 19 June26 April – 10 August17 May – 10 August
Turnip——sow 26 February – 3 October
Watercress——sow 26 February – 14 October
Watermelon27 April – 24 July25 May – 21 August15 June – 21 August
Zinniafrom 3 Mayfrom 7 Junefrom 28 June
Zucchini4 May – 23 August25 May – 13 September15 June – 13 September

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Haarlem

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 27 days after the last spring frost and 15 °C 59 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °Calready in the first week of January—
10 °C15 April27 days later
15 °C17 May59 days later
18 °C15 June88 days later

Frost dates near Haarlem

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Utrecht (27 March) and latest in Almere (15 April).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Amsterdam18 km3 April21 November
Almere39 km15 April21 November
The Hague41 km10 April23 November
Utrecht46 km27 March23 November
Amersfoort57 km10 April21 November

What to grow at home in winter in Haarlem

Frosts in Haarlem usually come from about 30 November to about 19 March. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Haarlem by month

Average weather in Haarlem over 2016–2025: the warmest month is August. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: July (20.7 °C) and August (21.3 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in January, average 2.9 °C. About 951 mm of rain falls in a year, on 162 days; October is the wettest month (113 mm) and May the driest (54 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January6.82.98615
February7.72.97513
March9.73.76012
April12.65.85512
May16.49.45410
June19.713.37712
July20.714.77914
August21.315.27714
September19.113.19513
October1510.311315
November10.269417
December7.94.28615

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 31 October
Crocus31 October – end of December
Daffodil31 October – end of December
Garlic31 October – end of December
Grape hyacinthby 31 October
Helleboreby 31 October
Hyacinth31 October – end of December
Lilyby 31 October
Ornamental onionby 31 October
Peonyby 31 October
Saffronby 31 October
Snowdropby 31 October
Tulip31 October – end of December
Wild garlicby 31 October

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).