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Last and first frost dates in Jaén

Spain

In Jaén the last spring frost usually comes around 9 February and the first autumn frost around 17 December, which leaves about 311 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 4 April to 27 August.

Last spring frostaround 9 February
First autumn frostaround 17 December
Frost-free days311 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Jaén?

The last frost in Jaén usually comes around 9 February: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 19 January, while corn waits until 20 February. The first autumn frost follows around 17 December, about 311 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha17 December – 8 September26 January – 18 October16 February – 18 October
Ageratumfrom 17 January—from 4 April
Arugula——sow 19 January – 12 November
Basil26 February – 15 October5 April – 22 November26 April – 22 November
Beet——sow 19 January – 18 October
Bell Pepper4 February – 28 June5 April – 27 August26 April – 27 August
Black-eyed Susanfrom 25 November—from 16 February
Bok Choy22 December – 26 October26 January – 30 November16 February – 30 November
Borage——sow 16 February – 23 October
Broad bean——sow 19 January – 8 September
Broccoli——sow 19 January – 1 September
Brussels Sprouts14 November – 30 July29 December – 13 September19 January – 13 September
Busy Lizziefrom 24 November—from 16 February
Cabbage——sow 19 January – 9 August
Calendula——sow from 19 January
Carrot——sow 19 January – 24 September
Cauliflower17 November – 1 September29 December – 13 October19 January – 13 October
Celeriac10 November – 29 June26 January – 14 September16 February – 14 September
Celery10 November – 9 July26 January – 24 September16 February – 24 September
Celosiafrom 5 Februaryfrom 22 Marchfrom 12 April
Chamomile——sow 19 January – 13 October
Chayote3 November – 22 June30 January – 18 September20 February – 18 September
Chickpea——sow 19 January – 29 August
Chicory4 December – 23 September—19 January – 18 October
Chili Pepper4 February – 4 August5 April – 3 October26 April – 3 October
China asterfrom 12 Februaryfrom 5 Aprilfrom 26 April
Chives——sow 19 January – 4 October
Cilantro——sow 19 January – 14 October
Corn——sow 20 February – 29 August
Corn poppy——sow from 19 January
Cosmosfrom 5 Februaryfrom 22 Marchfrom 12 April
Cucumber8 March – 4 September5 April – 2 October26 April – 2 October
Daikon——sow 19 January – 11 October
Delphiniumfrom 31 October—from 19 January
Dill——sow 19 January – 24 October
Edging lobeliafrom 24 November—from 16 February
Eggplant4 February – 28 June5 April – 27 August26 April – 27 August
Florence fennel12 December – 8 September26 January – 23 October16 February – 23 October
Foxglovefrom 13 October—from 19 January
Garden sorrel——sow 19 January – 12 October
Green Beans——sow 12 April – 6 September
Hollyhock——sow from 19 January
Hyssop——sow 19 January – 4 September
Kale——sow 19 January – 6 October
Kiwano10 February – 11 September14 March – 13 October4 April – 13 October
Kohlrabi——sow 19 January – 16 October
Leek20 October – 20 June29 December – 29 August19 January – 29 August
Lemon balm——sow 19 January – 8 October
Lettuce——sow 19 January – 21 October
Lisianthusfrom 3 Octoberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Lovage——sow from 19 January
Luffa22 February – 6 July5 April – 17 August26 April – 17 August
Marigoldfrom 15 Decemberfrom 26 Januaryfrom 16 February
Marjoram4 February – 23 September—26 April – 22 November
Melon8 March – 22 August5 April – 19 September26 April – 19 September
Microgreens——sow 12 April – 3 December
Moringa19 February – 28 September15 April – 22 November6 May – 22 November
Moss rosefrom 1 December—from 16 February
Mustard greens——sow 19 January – 2 November
Napa cabbage24 December – 3 October26 January – 5 November16 February – 5 November
Nasturtiumfrom 19 Decemberfrom 26 Januaryfrom 16 February
Okra22 February – 16 September5 April – 28 October26 April – 28 October
Oregano30 October – 13 September29 December – 12 November19 January – 12 November
Pansyfrom 3 Novemberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Parsley——sow 19 January – 2 October
Parsnip——sow 19 January – 21 August
Peanut27 February – 12 August5 April – 18 September26 April – 18 September
Peas——sow 19 January – 4 October
Petuniafrom 1 Februaryfrom 5 Aprilfrom 26 April
Physalis28 January – 9 August14 March – 23 September4 April – 23 September
Pumpkin22 February – 11 July5 April – 22 August26 April – 22 August
Purple coneflowerfrom 28 October—from 19 January
Radish——sow 19 January – 17 November
Sage10 November – 9 September29 December – 28 October19 January – 28 October
Scarlet sagefrom 21 January—from 4 April
Snapdragonfrom 25 Octoberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Soybean——sow 26 April – 28 September
Spinach——sow 19 January – 23 October
Stevia24 January – 31 July14 March – 18 September4 April – 18 September
Stock——sow from 19 January
Sunflower——sow from 12 April
Sweet alyssum——sow from 19 January
Sweet Corn22 January – 23 September13 February – 15 October6 March – 15 October
Sweet peafrom 17 Novemberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Sweet William——sow from 19 January
Swiss Chard——sow 19 January – 18 October
Thyme——sow 19 January – 29 August
Tomato21 January – 6 July14 March – 27 August4 April – 27 August
Turnip——sow 19 January – 20 October
Watercress——sow 19 January – 31 October
Watermelon8 March – 10 August5 April – 7 September26 April – 7 September
Zinniafrom 11 Marchfrom 15 Aprilfrom 6 May
Zucchini15 March – 9 September5 April – 30 September26 April – 30 September

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Jaén

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 19 days before the last spring frost and 15 °C 54 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °Calready in the first week of January—
10 °C21 January19 days earlier
15 °C4 April54 days later
18 °C26 April76 days later

Frost dates near Jaén

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Córdoba (Spain) (19 January) and latest in Granada (30 March).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Úbeda46 km25 February3 December
Granada68 km30 March26 November
Córdoba (Spain)87 km19 January28 December
Motril116 km——
Écija116 km25 January28 December

Seeds, seedlings and markets in Jaén

Within 15 km of Jaén OpenStreetMap lists 2 garden centres, 3 farm-supply shops, 8 markets and 1 farm shop (collected 27 October 2026). The nearest garden centre to the city centre is AgroJaén, 1 km away.

Places: © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL.

What to grow at home in winter in Jaén

Frosts in Jaén usually come from about 17 December to about 9 February. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Jaén by month

Average weather in Jaén over 2016–2025: the warmest month is July. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: April–October (21.1–36.4 °C). Months that average 30 °C or more by day: June–September (30.1–36.4 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in January, average 4.8 °C. About 483 mm of rain falls in a year, on 73 days; March is the wettest month (96 mm) and July the driest (2 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January13.74.8438
February16.26.1467
March17.87.59612
April21.110.1599
May26.113.7355
June31.718.4153
July36.421.921
August362251
September30.117.8224
October25.214476
November17.48.6639
December14.86508

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 17 November
Crocusby 17 November
Daffodilby 17 November
Garlic1 October – end of December
Grape hyacinthby 17 November
Helleboreby 17 November
Hyacinthby 17 November
Lilyby 17 November
Ornamental onionby 17 November
Peonyby 17 November
Saffronby 17 November
Snowdropby 17 November
Tulipby 17 November
Wild garlicby 17 November

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).