GreenlyKharkiv: frost dates
Ukraine
In Kharkiv the last spring frost usually comes around 21 April and the first autumn frost around 21 October, which leaves about 183 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground around 7 May.
| Last spring frost | around 21 April |
|---|---|
| First autumn frost | around 21 October |
| Frost-free days | 183 days |
Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.
When to sow and plant
| Crop | Sow for seedlings | Plant out in a greenhouse | Open ground |
|---|---|---|---|
| Achocha | 26 February | 7 April | 28 April |
| Arugula | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Basil | 29 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Beet | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Bell Pepper | 21 February | 6 May | 27 May |
| Black-eyed Susan | 25 February | — | 28 April |
| Bok Choy | 3 March | 7 April | 28 April |
| Broad bean | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Broccoli | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Brussels Sprouts | 24 January | 10 March | 31 March |
| Cabbage | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Calendula | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Carrot | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Cauliflower | 27 January | 10 March | 31 March |
| Celeriac | 20 January | 7 April | 28 April |
| Celery | 20 January | 7 April | 28 April |
| Celosia | 13 March | 27 April | 18 May |
| Chamomile | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Chayote | 10 January | 8 April | 29 April |
| Chickpea | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Chili Pepper | 5 March | 18 May | 8 June |
| China aster | 15 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Chives | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Cilantro | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Corn | — | 8 April | sow 29 April |
| Cosmos | 13 March | 27 April | 18 May |
| Cucumber | 25 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Daikon | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Delphinium | 31 January | — | 31 March |
| Dill | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Eggplant | 25 February | 6 May | 27 May |
| Florence fennel | 21 February | 7 April | 28 April |
| Garden sorrel | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Green Beans | 2 March | 8 April | 29 April |
| Hyssop | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Kale | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Kiwano | 15 March | 16 April | 7 May |
| Kohlrabi | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Leek | 30 December | 10 March | 31 March |
| Lemon balm | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Lettuce | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Lisianthus | 13 December | 10 March | 31 March |
| Lovage | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Luffa | 25 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Marigold | 24 February | 7 April | 28 April |
| Melon | 15 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Microgreens | — | 27 April | sow 18 May |
| Moringa | 24 March | 18 May | 8 June |
| Mustard greens | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Napa cabbage | 5 March | 7 April | 28 April |
| Nasturtium | 28 February | 7 April | 28 April |
| Okra | 25 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Oregano | 9 January | 10 March | 31 March |
| Pansy | 13 January | 10 March | 31 March |
| Parsley | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Parsnip | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Peanut | 30 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Peas | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Petunia | 4 March | 6 May | 27 May |
| Physalis | 2 March | 16 April | 7 May |
| Pumpkin | 10 March | 16 April | 7 May |
| Purple coneflower | 28 January | — | 31 March |
| Radish | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Sage | 20 January | 10 March | 31 March |
| Snapdragon | 4 January | 10 March | 31 March |
| Spinach | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Stevia | 26 February | 16 April | 7 May |
| Stock | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Sunflower | — | 27 April | sow 18 May |
| Sweet Corn | — | 8 April | sow 29 April |
| Sweet pea | 27 January | 10 March | 31 March |
| Sweet William | — | — | sow 31 March |
| Swiss Chard | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Thyme | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Tomato | 18 February | 16 April | 7 May |
| Turnip | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Watercress | — | 10 March | sow 31 March |
| Watermelon | 4 April | 6 May | 27 May |
| Zinnia | 13 April | 18 May | 8 June |
| Zucchini | 15 March | 16 April | 7 May |
Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day.
Kharkiv: weather for the next 7 days
Forecast by Open-Meteo. Nights at or below 0 °C are marked as frost.
Weather in Kharkiv by month
Average weather in Kharkiv over 2016–2025: the warmest month is August, the wettest May.
| Month | Day, °C | Night, °C | Rain, mm | Rainy days |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | -0.8 | -6.3 | 52 | 11 |
| February | 0.5 | -5.9 | 42 | 9 |
| March | 7.1 | -1.6 | 41 | 9 |
| April | 15.3 | 4.7 | 55 | 10 |
| May | 20.2 | 9.5 | 66 | 11 |
| June | 25.7 | 15 | 49 | 9 |
| July | 27.5 | 16.7 | 56 | 9 |
| August | 27.7 | 16.4 | 28 | 5 |
| September | 21.5 | 11.1 | 29 | 5 |
| October | 13.8 | 5.6 | 56 | 9 |
| November | 5.5 | 0.1 | 55 | 9 |
| December | 1 | -3.2 | 62 | 13 |
Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).
Planted in autumn
| Crop | Plant around |
|---|---|
| Bearded Iris | 21 September |
| Crocus | 21 September |
| Daffodil | 21 September |
| Garlic | 21 September |
| Hyacinth | 21 September |
| Lily | 21 September |
| Peony | 21 September |
| Saffron | 21 September |
| Tulip | 21 September |
| Wild garlic | 21 September |
A month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter.