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Last and first frost dates in Santa Maria

Brazil

In Santa Maria the last spring frost usually comes around 16 July and the first autumn frost around 13 June, which leaves about 332 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 23 July to 21 February.

Last spring frostaround 16 July
First autumn frostaround 13 June
Frost-free days332 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Santa Maria?

The last frost in Santa Maria usually comes around 16 July: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 25 June, while corn waits until 23 July. The first autumn frost follows around 13 June, about 332 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha23 May – 4 March2 July – 13 April23 July – 13 April
Ageratumfrom 7 May—from 23 July
Arugula——sow 25 June – 8 May
Basil16 June – 10 April24 July – 18 May14 August – 18 May
Beet——sow 25 June – 13 April
Bell Pepper25 May – 23 December24 July – 21 February14 August – 21 February
Black-eyed Susanfrom 1 May—from 23 July
Bok Choy28 May – 21 April2 July – 26 May23 July – 26 May
Borage——sow 23 July – 18 April
Broad bean——sow 25 June – 4 March
Broccoli——sow 25 June – 26 February
Brussels Sprouts20 April – 24 January4 June – 9 March25 June – 9 March
Busy Lizziefrom 30 April—from 23 July
Cabbage——sow 25 June – 3 February
Calendula——sow from 25 June
Carrot——sow 25 June – 20 March
Cauliflower23 April – 26 February4 June – 8 April25 June – 8 April
Celeriac16 April – 24 December2 July – 10 March23 July – 10 March
Celery16 April – 3 January2 July – 20 March23 July – 20 March
Celosiafrom 18 Mayfrom 2 Julyfrom 23 July
Chamomile——sow 25 June – 8 April
Chayote5 April – 17 December2 July – 14 March23 July – 14 March
Chickpea——sow 25 June – 23 February
Chicory10 May – 19 March—25 June – 13 April
Chili Pepper25 May – 29 January24 July – 29 March14 August – 29 March
China asterfrom 2 Junefrom 24 Julyfrom 14 August
Chives——sow 25 June – 30 March
Cilantro——sow 25 June – 9 April
Corn——sow 23 July – 23 February
Corn poppy——sow from 25 June
Cosmosfrom 18 Mayfrom 2 Julyfrom 23 July
Cucumber26 June – 29 February24 July – 28 March14 August – 28 March
Daikon——sow 25 June – 6 April
Delphiniumfrom 6 April—from 25 June
Dill——sow 25 June – 19 April
Edging lobeliafrom 30 April—from 23 July
Eggplant25 May – 23 December24 July – 21 February14 August – 21 February
Florence fennel18 May – 4 March2 July – 18 April23 July – 18 April
Foxglovefrom 19 March—from 25 June
Garden sorrel——sow 25 June – 7 April
Green Beans——sow 23 July – 2 March
Hollyhock——sow from 25 June
Hyssop——sow 25 June – 29 February
Kale——sow 25 June – 1 April
Kiwano31 May – 7 March2 July – 8 April23 July – 8 April
Kohlrabi——sow 25 June – 11 April
Leek26 March – 15 December4 June – 23 February25 June – 23 February
Lemon balm——sow 25 June – 3 April
Lettuce——sow 25 June – 16 April
Lisianthusfrom 9 Marchfrom 4 Junefrom 25 June
Lovage——sow from 25 June
Luffa12 June – 31 December24 July – 11 February14 August – 11 February
Marigoldfrom 21 Mayfrom 2 Julyfrom 23 July
Marjoram25 May – 19 March—14 August – 18 May
Melon26 June – 16 February24 July – 15 March14 August – 15 March
Microgreens——sow 23 July – 29 May
Moringa18 July – 24 March11 September – 18 May2 October – 18 May
Moss rosefrom 7 May—from 23 July
Mustard greens——sow 25 June – 28 April
Napa cabbage30 May – 29 March2 July – 1 May23 July – 1 May
Nasturtiumfrom 25 Mayfrom 2 Julyfrom 23 July
Okra12 June – 12 March24 July – 23 April14 August – 23 April
Oregano5 April – 9 March4 June – 8 May25 June – 8 May
Pansyfrom 9 Aprilfrom 4 Junefrom 25 June
Parsley——sow 25 June – 28 March
Parsnip——sow 25 June – 15 February
Peanut17 June – 6 February24 July – 14 March14 August – 14 March
Peas——sow 25 June – 30 March
Petuniafrom 22 Mayfrom 24 Julyfrom 14 August
Physalis18 May – 3 February2 July – 19 March23 July – 19 March
Pumpkin12 June – 5 January24 July – 16 February14 August – 16 February
Purple coneflowerfrom 3 April—from 25 June
Radish——sow 25 June – 13 May
Sage16 April – 5 March4 June – 23 April25 June – 23 April
Scarlet sagefrom 11 May—from 23 July
Snapdragonfrom 31 Marchfrom 4 Junefrom 25 June
Soybean——sow 14 August – 24 March
Spinach——sow 25 June – 18 April
Stevia14 May – 25 January2 July – 14 March23 July – 14 March
Stock——sow from 25 June
Sunflower——sow from 23 July
Sweet alyssum——sow from 25 June
Sweet Corn10 June – 19 March2 July – 10 April23 July – 10 April
Sweet peafrom 23 Aprilfrom 4 Junefrom 25 June
Sweet William——sow from 25 June
Swiss Chard——sow 25 June – 13 April
Thyme——sow 25 June – 23 February
Tomato11 May – 31 December2 July – 21 February23 July – 21 February
Turnip——sow 25 June – 15 April
Watercress——sow 25 June – 26 April
Watermelon26 June – 4 February24 July – 3 March14 August – 3 March
Zinniafrom 7 Augustfrom 11 Septemberfrom 2 October
Zucchini3 July – 5 March24 July – 26 March14 August – 26 March

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Santa Maria

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo).

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °Calready in the first week of July—
10 °Calready in the first week of July—
15 °C16 Julysame day
18 °C14 August29 days later

Frost dates near Santa Maria

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Caxias do Sul (13 July) and latest in Rivera (30 July).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Passo Fundo209 km19 July18 June
Rivera214 km30 July10 June
Porto Alegre252 km——
Caxias do Sul261 km13 July17 June
Pelotas272 km——

Seeds, seedlings and markets in Santa Maria

Within 15 km of Santa Maria OpenStreetMap lists 1 garden centre, 4 farm-supply shops, 1 plant nursery and 5 markets (collected 27 October 2026). The nearest garden centre to the city centre is Portal Arco-Íris, 4 km away.

Places: © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL.

What to grow at home in winter in Santa Maria

Frosts in Santa Maria usually come from about 13 June to about 16 July. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Santa Maria by month

Average weather in Santa Maria over 2016–2025: the warmest month is January. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: August–May (20.8–30.6 °C). Months that average 30 °C or more by day: January (30.6 °C) and February (30.1 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in July, average 9.8 °C. About 1665 mm of rain falls in a year, on 126 days; May is the wettest month (196 mm) and February the driest (91 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January30.620.611312
February30.120.19110
March28.318.713810
April25.216.11319
May20.812.519612
June19.210.51419
July19.39.81209
August20.810.61279
September22.61319313
October24.514.617312
November27.316.513210
December29.81911011

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 14 May
Crocusby 14 May
Daffodilby 14 May
Garlicby 14 May
Grape hyacinthby 14 May
Helleboreby 14 May
Hyacinthby 14 May
Lilyby 14 May
Ornamental onionby 14 May
Peonyby 14 May
Saffronby 14 May
Snowdropby 14 May
Tulipby 14 May
Wild garlicby 14 May

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).