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Last and first frost dates in Białystok

Poland

In Białystok the last spring frost usually comes around 28 April and the first autumn frost around 1 November, which leaves about 187 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 17 May to 12 July.

Last spring frostaround 28 April
First autumn frostaround 1 November
Frost-free days187 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Białystok?

The last frost in Białystok usually comes around 28 April: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 7 April, while corn waits until 5 May. The first autumn frost follows around 1 November, about 187 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha5 March – 24 July14 April – 2 September5 May – 2 September
Ageratumfrom 1 March—from 17 May
Arugula——sow 7 April – 27 September
Basil10 April – 30 August18 May – 7 October8 June – 7 October
Beet——sow 7 April – 2 September
Bell Pepper19 March – 13 May18 May – 12 July8 June – 12 July
Black-eyed Susanfrom 11 February—from 5 May
Bok Choy10 March – 10 September14 April – 15 October5 May – 15 October
Borage——sow 5 May – 7 September
Broad bean——sow 7 April – 24 July
Broccoli——sow 7 April – 17 July
Brussels Sprouts31 January – 14 June17 March – 29 July7 April – 29 July
Busy Lizziefrom 10 February—from 5 May
Cabbage——sow 7 April – 24 June
Calendula——sow from 7 April
Carrot——sow 7 April – 9 August
Cauliflower3 February – 17 July17 March – 28 August7 April – 28 August
Celeriac27 January – 14 May14 April – 30 July5 May – 30 July
Celery27 January – 24 May14 April – 9 August5 May – 9 August
Celosiafrom 22 Marchfrom 6 Mayfrom 27 May
Chamomile——sow 7 April – 28 August
Chayote16 January – 7 May14 April – 3 August5 May – 3 August
Chickpea——sow 7 April – 14 July
Chicory20 February – 8 August—7 April – 2 September
Chili Pepper19 March – 19 June18 May – 18 August8 June – 18 August
China asterfrom 27 Marchfrom 18 Mayfrom 8 June
Chives——sow 7 April – 19 August
Cilantro——sow 7 April – 29 August
Corn——sow 5 May – 14 July
Corn poppy——sow from 7 April
Cosmosfrom 22 Marchfrom 6 Mayfrom 27 May
Cucumber20 April – 20 July18 May – 17 August8 June – 17 August
Daikon——sow 7 April – 26 August
Delphiniumfrom 17 January—from 7 April
Dill——sow 7 April – 8 September
Edging lobeliafrom 10 February—from 5 May
Eggplant19 March – 13 May18 May – 12 July8 June – 12 July
Florence fennel28 February – 24 July14 April – 7 September5 May – 7 September
Foxglovefrom 30 December—from 7 April
Garden sorrel——sow 7 April – 27 August
Green Beans——sow 27 May – 22 July
Hollyhock——sow from 7 April
Hyssop——sow 7 April – 20 July
Kale——sow 7 April – 21 August
Kiwano25 March – 27 July26 April – 28 August17 May – 28 August
Kohlrabi——sow 7 April – 31 August
Leek6 January – 5 May17 March – 14 July7 April – 14 July
Lemon balm——sow 7 April – 23 August
Lettuce——sow 7 April – 5 September
Lisianthusfrom 20 Decemberfrom 17 Marchfrom 7 April
Lovage——sow from 7 April
Luffa6 April – 21 May18 May – 2 July8 June – 2 July
Marigoldfrom 3 Marchfrom 14 Aprilfrom 5 May
Marjoram19 March – 8 August—8 June – 7 October
Melon20 April – 7 July18 May – 4 August8 June – 4 August
Microgreens——sow 27 May – 18 October
Moringa27 March – 13 August21 May – 7 October11 June – 7 October
Moss rosefrom 17 February—from 5 May
Mustard greens——sow 7 April – 17 September
Napa cabbage12 March – 18 August14 April – 20 September5 May – 20 September
Nasturtiumfrom 7 Marchfrom 14 Aprilfrom 5 May
Okra6 April – 1 August18 May – 12 September8 June – 12 September
Oregano16 January – 29 July17 March – 27 September7 April – 27 September
Pansyfrom 20 Januaryfrom 17 Marchfrom 7 April
Parsley——sow 7 April – 17 August
Parsnip——sow 7 April – 6 July
Peanut11 April – 27 June18 May – 3 August8 June – 3 August
Peas——sow 7 April – 19 August
Petuniafrom 16 Marchfrom 18 Mayfrom 8 June
Physalis12 March – 24 June26 April – 8 August17 May – 8 August
Pumpkin6 April – 26 May18 May – 7 July8 June – 7 July
Purple coneflowerfrom 14 January—from 7 April
Radish——sow 7 April – 2 October
Sage27 January – 25 July17 March – 12 September7 April – 12 September
Scarlet sagefrom 5 March—from 17 May
Snapdragonfrom 11 Januaryfrom 17 Marchfrom 7 April
Soybean——sow 8 June – 13 August
Spinach——sow 7 April – 7 September
Stevia8 March – 15 June26 April – 3 August17 May – 3 August
Stock——sow from 7 April
Sunflower——sow from 27 May
Sweet alyssum——sow from 7 April
Sweet Corn29 March – 8 August20 April – 30 August11 May – 30 August
Sweet peafrom 3 Februaryfrom 17 Marchfrom 7 April
Sweet William——sow from 7 April
Swiss Chard——sow 7 April – 2 September
Thyme——sow 7 April – 14 July
Tomato5 March – 21 May26 April – 12 July17 May – 12 July
Turnip——sow 7 April – 4 September
Watercress——sow 7 April – 15 September
Watermelon20 April – 25 June18 May – 23 July8 June – 23 July
Zinniafrom 16 Aprilfrom 21 Mayfrom 11 June
Zucchini27 April – 25 July18 May – 15 August8 June – 15 August

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Białystok

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 8 days before the last spring frost and 15 °C 19 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °C28 March31 days earlier
10 °C20 April8 days earlier
15 °C17 May19 days later
18 °C8 June41 days later

Frost dates near Białystok

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Vawkavysk (20 April) and latest in Grodno (28 April).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Grodno76 km28 April8 November
Vawkavysk86 km20 April8 November
Brest120 km23 April13 November
Siedlce122 km21 April13 November
Kobryn130 km23 April8 November

Seeds, seedlings and markets in Białystok

Within 15 km of Białystok OpenStreetMap lists 8 garden centres, 1 plant nursery and 8 markets (collected 28 October 2026). The nearest garden centre to the city centre is Green Serwis, 3 km away.

Places: © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL.

What to grow at home in winter in Białystok

Frosts in Białystok usually come from about 1 November to about 28 April. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Białystok by month

Average weather in Białystok over 2016–2025: the warmest month is August. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: June (23.6 °C), July (23.7 °C) and August (24.1 °C). Nights average below 0 °C in December–March (-4.3–-1.1 °C). About 712 mm of rain falls in a year, on 137 days; July is the wettest month (101 mm) and March the driest (40 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January0.5-4.35514
February2.7-3.14610
March7.5-1.14010
April13.234411
May18.47.56712
June23.612.86911
July23.714.210115
August24.113.86511
September19.210.2589
October12.55.56812
November5.81.24510
December2.2-1.65412

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 2 October
Crocus2 October – 6 December
Daffodil2 October – 6 December
Garlic2 October – 6 December
Grape hyacinthby 2 October
Helleboreby 2 October
Hyacinth2 October – 6 December
Lilyby 2 October
Ornamental onionby 2 October
Peonyby 2 October
Saffronby 2 October
Snowdropby 2 October
Tulip2 October – 6 December
Wild garlicby 2 October

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).