Gardening in Poland: climate, frost dates and crops by region

Climate zones of Poland

By the days between the last spring frost and the first autumn frost.

How the regions of Poland differ

Splitting the cities in two — north (Gdynia, Słupsk, Gdańsk and 17 more) and south (Kalisz, Radom, Lublin and 17 more): the north gets about 667 mm of rain a year and the south about 809 mm.

The gap between the warmest month’s days and the coldest month’s nights is widest in Kielce (28.8 °C) and smallest in Słupsk (23.4 °C): the smaller it is, the milder both winter and summer. Bielsko-Biała is the wettest of these cities with 1,206 mm a year, Konin the driest with 624 mm. The hottest summer days are in Legnica (25.2 °C on average in the warmest month), the coolest in Bielsko-Biała (19.4 °C). In all 40 cities at least one month averages below 0 °C at night; the longest such winter is in Bielsko-Biała (November–March).

Which crops suit which part of Poland

Season long enough: the days from planting to the first autumn frost cover the days to the first harvest on the plant card. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

Cities of Poland: weather in numbers

ERA5 2016–2025 via Open-Meteo, 25 km grid cell of each city; dates by the Greenly calendar and the plant cards.

More about Poland

• Poland: frost dates by city
• Selling your harvest in Poland
• Where to buy seeds and plants
• When to plant tomatoes in Poland
• When to plant cucumbers in Poland
• When to plant peas in Poland
• When to plant garlic in Poland
• Gardening by country