Greenly Garden

Last and first frost dates in Cesena

Italy

In Cesena the last spring frost usually comes around 21 March and the first autumn frost around 1 December, which leaves about 255 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 23 April to 11 August.

Last spring frostaround 21 March
First autumn frostaround 1 December
Frost-free days255 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in Cesena?

The last frost in Cesena usually comes around 21 March: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 28 February, while corn waits until 30 March. The first autumn frost follows around 1 December, about 255 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha26 January – 23 August7 March – 2 October28 March – 2 October
Ageratumfrom 5 February—from 23 April
Arugula——sow 28 February – 27 October
Basil18 March – 29 September25 April – 6 November16 May – 6 November
Beet——sow 28 February – 2 October
Bell Pepper24 February – 12 June25 April – 11 August16 May – 11 August
Black-eyed Susanfrom 4 January—from 28 March
Bok Choy31 January – 10 October7 March – 14 November28 March – 14 November
Borage——sow 28 March – 7 October
Broad bean——sow 28 February – 23 August
Broccoli——sow 28 February – 16 August
Brussels Sprouts24 December – 14 July7 February – 28 August28 February – 28 August
Busy Lizziefrom 3 January—from 28 March
Cabbage——sow 28 February – 24 July
Calendula——sow from 28 February
Carrot——sow 28 February – 8 September
Cauliflower27 December – 16 August7 February – 27 September28 February – 27 September
Celeriac20 December – 13 June7 March – 29 August28 March – 29 August
Celery20 December – 23 June7 March – 8 September28 March – 8 September
Celosiafrom 22 Februaryfrom 8 Aprilfrom 29 April
Chamomile——sow 28 February – 27 September
Chayote11 December – 6 June9 March – 2 September30 March – 2 September
Chickpea——sow 28 February – 13 August
Chicory13 January – 7 September—28 February – 2 October
Chili Pepper24 February – 19 July25 April – 17 September16 May – 17 September
China asterfrom 4 Marchfrom 25 Aprilfrom 16 May
Chives——sow 28 February – 18 September
Cilantro——sow 28 February – 28 September
Corn——sow 30 March – 13 August
Corn poppy——sow from 28 February
Cosmosfrom 22 Februaryfrom 8 Aprilfrom 29 April
Cucumber28 March – 19 August25 April – 16 September16 May – 16 September
Daikon——sow 28 February – 25 September
Delphiniumfrom 10 December—from 28 February
Dill——sow 28 February – 8 October
Edging lobeliafrom 3 January—from 28 March
Eggplant24 February – 12 June25 April – 11 August16 May – 11 August
Florence fennel21 January – 23 August7 March – 7 October28 March – 7 October
Foxglovefrom 22 November—from 28 February
Garden sorrel——sow 28 February – 26 September
Green Beans——sow 29 April – 21 August
Hollyhock——sow from 28 February
Hyssop——sow 28 February – 19 August
Kale——sow 28 February – 20 September
Kiwano1 March – 26 August2 April – 27 September23 April – 27 September
Kohlrabi——sow 28 February – 30 September
Leek29 November – 4 June7 February – 13 August28 February – 13 August
Lemon balm——sow 28 February – 22 September
Lettuce——sow 28 February – 5 October
Lisianthusfrom 12 Novemberfrom 7 Februaryfrom 28 February
Lovage——sow from 28 February
Luffa14 March – 20 June25 April – 1 August16 May – 1 August
Marigoldfrom 24 Januaryfrom 7 Marchfrom 28 March
Marjoram24 February – 7 September—16 May – 6 November
Melon28 March – 6 August25 April – 3 September16 May – 3 September
Microgreens——sow 29 April – 17 November
Moringa14 March – 12 September8 May – 6 November29 May – 6 November
Moss rosefrom 10 January—from 28 March
Mustard greens——sow 28 February – 17 October
Napa cabbage2 February – 17 September7 March – 20 October28 March – 20 October
Nasturtiumfrom 28 Januaryfrom 7 Marchfrom 28 March
Okra14 March – 31 August25 April – 12 October16 May – 12 October
Oregano9 December – 28 August7 February – 27 October28 February – 27 October
Pansyfrom 13 Decemberfrom 7 Februaryfrom 28 February
Parsley——sow 28 February – 16 September
Parsnip——sow 28 February – 5 August
Peanut19 March – 27 July25 April – 2 September16 May – 2 September
Peas——sow 28 February – 18 September
Petuniafrom 21 Februaryfrom 25 Aprilfrom 16 May
Physalis16 February – 24 July2 April – 7 September23 April – 7 September
Pumpkin14 March – 25 June25 April – 6 August16 May – 6 August
Purple coneflowerfrom 7 December—from 28 February
Radish——sow 28 February – 1 November
Sage20 December – 24 August7 February – 12 October28 February – 12 October
Scarlet sagefrom 9 February—from 23 April
Snapdragonfrom 4 Decemberfrom 7 Februaryfrom 28 February
Soybean——sow 16 May – 12 September
Spinach——sow 28 February – 7 October
Stevia12 February – 15 July2 April – 2 September23 April – 2 September
Stock——sow from 28 February
Sunflower——sow from 29 April
Sweet alyssum——sow from 28 February
Sweet Corn20 February – 7 September14 March – 29 September4 April – 29 September
Sweet peafrom 27 Decemberfrom 7 Februaryfrom 28 February
Sweet William——sow from 28 February
Swiss Chard——sow 28 February – 2 October
Thyme——sow 28 February – 13 August
Tomato9 February – 20 June2 April – 11 August23 April – 11 August
Turnip——sow 28 February – 4 October
Watercress——sow 28 February – 15 October
Watermelon28 March – 25 July25 April – 22 August16 May – 22 August
Zinniafrom 3 Aprilfrom 8 Mayfrom 29 May
Zucchini4 April – 24 August25 April – 14 September16 May – 14 September

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in Cesena

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 6 days before the last spring frost and 15 °C 33 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °Calready in the first week of January—
10 °C15 March6 days earlier
15 °C23 April33 days later
18 °C16 May56 days later

Frost dates near Cesena

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Ravenna (5 February) and latest in Arezzo (6 April).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Rimini28 km9 February12 December
San Marino28 km9 February12 December
Ravenna30 km5 February12 December
Arezzo81 km6 April21 November
Bologna81 km10 March29 November

What to grow at home in winter in Cesena

Frosts in Cesena usually come from about 1 December to about 21 March. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in Cesena by month

Average weather in Cesena over 2016–2025: the warmest month is July. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: May–October (20.9–31.2 °C). Months that average 30 °C or more by day: July (31.2 °C) and August (30.6 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in January, average 1.1 °C. About 809 mm of rain falls in a year, on 109 days; May is the wettest month (101 mm) and July the driest (47 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January9.51.1508
February12.32.9669
March15.14.7589
April18.57.85610
May22.412.410112
June28.817.7538
July31.220477
August30.619.6617
September2615.7879
October20.911.6729
November14.56.59211
December10.22.46610

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 1 November
Crocusby 1 November
Daffodilby 1 November
Garlic1 November – end of December
Grape hyacinthby 1 November
Helleboreby 1 November
Hyacinthby 1 November
Lilyby 1 November
Ornamental onionby 1 November
Peonyby 1 November
Saffronby 1 November
Snowdropby 1 November
Tulipby 1 November
Wild garlicby 1 November

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).