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Last and first frost dates in San Marino

San Marino

In San Marino the last spring frost usually comes around 9 February and the first autumn frost around 12 December, which leaves about 306 frost-free days (median of 2016–2025). Tomato seedlings can go into open ground from 25 April to 22 August.

Last spring frostaround 9 February
First autumn frostaround 12 December
Frost-free days306 days

Median of 2016–2025 for the 25 km grid cell of the city: the last day at or below 0 °C in spring and the first in autumn (ERA5 reanalysis via Open-Meteo). In a cold year a frost can come a week or two later — Greenly warns 48 hours ahead.

When is the last frost in San Marino?

The last frost in San Marino usually comes around 9 February: that is the median of 2016–2025, so in about half of those years the last night at or below 0 °C came later. Hardy crops start before it and frost-tender ones only after it: in the table below arugula can go into open ground from 19 January, while corn waits until 26 March. The first autumn frost follows around 12 December, about 306 days later: harvest or cover frost-tender crops before then.

When to sow and plant

CropSow for seedlingsPlant out in a greenhouseOpen ground
Achocha5 January – 3 September14 February – 13 October7 March – 13 October
Ageratumfrom 7 February—from 25 April
Arugula——sow 19 January – 7 November
Basil18 March – 10 October25 April – 17 November16 May – 17 November
Beet——sow 19 January – 13 October
Bell Pepper24 February – 23 June25 April – 22 August16 May – 22 August
Black-eyed Susanfrom 14 December—from 7 March
Bok Choy10 January – 21 October14 February – 25 November7 March – 25 November
Borage——sow 16 February – 18 October
Broad bean——sow 19 January – 3 September
Broccoli——sow 19 January – 27 August
Brussels Sprouts14 November – 25 July29 December – 8 September19 January – 8 September
Busy Lizziefrom 24 November—from 16 February
Cabbage——sow 19 January – 4 August
Calendula——sow from 19 January
Carrot——sow 19 January – 19 September
Cauliflower17 November – 27 August29 December – 8 October19 January – 8 October
Celeriac29 November – 24 June14 February – 9 September7 March – 9 September
Celery29 November – 4 July14 February – 19 September7 March – 19 September
Celosiafrom 27 Februaryfrom 13 Aprilfrom 4 May
Chamomile——sow 19 January – 8 October
Chayote7 December – 17 June5 March – 13 September26 March – 13 September
Chickpea——sow 19 January – 24 August
Chicory4 December – 18 September—19 January – 13 October
Chili Pepper24 February – 30 July25 April – 28 September16 May – 28 September
China asterfrom 4 Marchfrom 25 Aprilfrom 16 May
Chives——sow 19 January – 29 September
Cilantro——sow 19 January – 9 October
Corn——sow 26 March – 24 August
Corn poppy——sow from 19 January
Cosmosfrom 27 Februaryfrom 13 Aprilfrom 4 May
Cucumber28 March – 30 August25 April – 27 September16 May – 27 September
Daikon——sow 19 January – 6 October
Delphiniumfrom 31 October—from 19 January
Dill——sow 19 January – 19 October
Edging lobeliafrom 13 December—from 7 March
Eggplant24 February – 23 June25 April – 22 August16 May – 22 August
Florence fennel31 December – 3 September14 February – 18 October7 March – 18 October
Foxglovefrom 13 October—from 19 January
Garden sorrel——sow 19 January – 7 October
Green Beans——sow 4 May – 1 September
Hollyhock——sow from 19 January
Hyssop——sow 19 January – 30 August
Kale——sow 19 January – 1 October
Kiwano3 March – 6 September4 April – 8 October25 April – 8 October
Kohlrabi——sow 19 January – 11 October
Leek20 October – 15 June29 December – 24 August19 January – 24 August
Lemon balm——sow 19 January – 3 October
Lettuce——sow 19 January – 16 October
Lisianthusfrom 3 Octoberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Lovage——sow from 19 January
Luffa14 March – 1 July25 April – 12 August16 May – 12 August
Marigoldfrom 3 Januaryfrom 14 Februaryfrom 7 March
Marjoram24 February – 18 September—16 May – 17 November
Melon28 March – 17 August25 April – 14 September16 May – 14 September
Microgreens——sow 4 May – 28 November
Moringa17 March – 23 September11 May – 17 November1 June – 17 November
Moss rosefrom 1 December—from 16 February
Mustard greens——sow 19 January – 28 October
Napa cabbage12 January – 28 September14 February – 31 October7 March – 31 October
Nasturtiumfrom 7 Januaryfrom 14 Februaryfrom 7 March
Okra14 March – 11 September25 April – 23 October16 May – 23 October
Oregano30 October – 8 September29 December – 7 November19 January – 7 November
Pansyfrom 3 Novemberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Parsley——sow 19 January – 27 September
Parsnip——sow 19 January – 16 August
Peanut19 March – 7 August25 April – 13 September16 May – 13 September
Peas——sow 19 January – 29 September
Petuniafrom 21 Februaryfrom 25 Aprilfrom 16 May
Physalis18 February – 4 August4 April – 18 September25 April – 18 September
Pumpkin14 March – 6 July25 April – 17 August16 May – 17 August
Purple coneflowerfrom 28 October—from 19 January
Radish——sow 19 January – 12 November
Sage10 November – 4 September29 December – 23 October19 January – 23 October
Scarlet sagefrom 11 February—from 25 April
Snapdragonfrom 25 Octoberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Soybean——sow 16 May – 23 September
Spinach——sow 19 January – 18 October
Stevia14 February – 26 July4 April – 13 September25 April – 13 September
Stock——sow from 19 January
Sunflower——sow from 4 May
Sweet alyssum——sow from 19 January
Sweet Corn24 February – 18 September18 March – 10 October8 April – 10 October
Sweet peafrom 17 Novemberfrom 29 Decemberfrom 19 January
Sweet William——sow from 19 January
Swiss Chard——sow 19 January – 13 October
Thyme——sow 19 January – 24 August
Tomato11 February – 1 July4 April – 22 August25 April – 22 August
Turnip——sow 19 January – 15 October
Watercress——sow 19 January – 26 October
Watermelon28 March – 5 August25 April – 2 September16 May – 2 September
Zinniafrom 6 Aprilfrom 11 Mayfrom 1 June
Zucchini4 April – 4 September25 April – 25 September16 May – 25 September

Planting out: a week after the last frost once the soil is warm enough for the crop; frost-hardy crops three weeks before it; an unheated greenhouse three weeks earlier. Seedlings are sown so they are ready on that day. Each window starts on the Greenly calendar date and ends on the last day that still leaves the crop’s days to harvest (from its card) before the average first autumn frost, plus six weeks of picking for crops harvested over weeks (tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, cucumbers, courgettes, pumpkins, watermelons, beans) — our rule; earlier in the window is safer.

When the soil warms up in San Marino

The day the top 7 cm of soil first averages each temperature over a week, median of 2016–2025 (ERA5 via Open-Meteo). The soil reaches 10 °C 26 days after the last spring frost and 15 °C 75 days after it.

SoilDateAgainst the last spring frost
5 °Calready in the first week of January—
10 °C7 March26 days later
15 °C25 April75 days later
18 °C16 May96 days later

Frost dates near San Marino

Of the nearest cities on our list, the last spring frost ends earliest in Ravenna (5 February) and latest in Perugia (7 April).

CityDistanceLast spring frostFirst autumn frost
Rimini16 km9 February12 December
Cesena28 km21 March1 December
Ravenna56 km5 February12 December
Arezzo70 km6 April21 November
Perugia92 km7 April25 November

Seeds, seedlings and markets in San Marino

Within 15 km of San Marino OpenStreetMap lists 8 garden centres, 5 farm-supply shops, 1 plant nursery, 1 market and 4 farm shops (collected 20 October 2026). The nearest garden centre to the city centre is I Sette Punti Verdi, 7 km away.

Places: © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL.

What to grow at home in winter in San Marino

Frosts in San Marino usually come from about 12 December to about 9 February. These plants have indoor care in their Greenly cards and are harvested quickly, so they can be sown on a windowsill in winter.

Weather in San Marino by month

Average weather in San Marino over 2016–2025: the warmest month is July. Months that average 20 °C or more by day: May–October (20.3–30 °C). Months that average 30 °C or more by day: July (30 °C). No month averages below 0 °C at night; the coldest nights, in January, average 2.2 °C. About 880 mm of rain falls in a year, on 115 days; November is the wettest month (103 mm) and July the driest (46 mm).

MonthDay, °CNight, °CRain, mmRainy days
January9.52.2629
February11.83.77410
March14.35.37010
April17.68.46010
May21.612.59813
June27.717.7578
July3019.9467
August29.519.8628
September2515.9989
October20.312839
November14.27.210312
December10.43.46710

Average of the daily highs and lows, rain per month and days with at least 1 mm (ERA5 via Open-Meteo, the same grid cell as the frost dates).

Planted in autumn

CropWhen to plant
Bearded Irisby 12 November
Crocusby 12 November
Daffodilby 12 November
Garlic12 November – end of December
Grape hyacinthby 12 November
Helleboreby 12 November
Hyacinthby 12 November
Lilyby 12 November
Ornamental onionby 12 November
Peonyby 12 November
Saffronby 12 November
Snowdropby 12 November
Tulipby 12 November
Wild garlicby 12 November

From a month before the first autumn frost, so the roots grow before winter, to the late-planting limit on each crop’s page (about two weeks before the ground freezes, by ten years of weather).